纳米刚性微粒与橡胶弹性微粒同时增强增韧聚丙烯的研究

通过力学性能测试、动态力学试验、ＤＳＣ 分析以及材料断面形貌与结构分析等手段，对以纳米二氧化硅（ＳｉＯ２） 为刚性微粒、以三元乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ） 为弹性微粒组成的聚丙烯（ＰＰ）／ 纳米ＳｉＯ２／ＥＰＤＭ 的同时增强增韧效果进行了研究．结果显示，上述两种微粒可同时大幅度提高ＰＰ 的韧性、强度和模量，当ＰＰ／ 纳米ＳｉＯ２／ＥＰＤＭ 为８０／３／２０ 时，两种微粒体现较明显的协同增韧效应．纳米ＳｉＯ２ 可提高ＰＰ 的结晶温度和结晶速度，并使球晶细化．纳米ＳｉＯ２ 刚性微粒在ＰＰ连续相中以微粒团聚体形态分布，构成团聚体的平均微粒数约为６ ～７ ，其与ＰＰ基体表现出较强的结合牢度．ＰＰ／ 纳米ＳｉＯ２／ＥＰＤＭ 的综合性能已接近或达到工程塑料的性能．

STUDY ON THE REINFORCED AND TOUGHENED PP BLENDS WITH THE RIGID NANO-PARTICLES AND THE ELASTIC RUBBER-PARTICLES

The reinforcing and toughening effects of PP blends were studied by the determination of the mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical analysis, DSC, as well as morphology and structures of the cross\|sections, which were reinforced by nano\|SiO\-2 rigid particles and toughened by EPDM elastic particles. It was shown that, the above two particles dispersed in PP matrix can increase not only the tougheness but also the strength and the modulus of PP at a great extent. As the blend ratio of PP/nano\|SiO\-2/EPDM is 80/3/20, the two particles have the concerted toughening effect. Nano\|SiO\-2 particles can also increase the crystallization temprature and crystallization rate of PP and decrease its size of spherulite. Nano\|SiO\-2 particles are dispersed in the PP continuous phase in the form of conglomerates which are made up of 6～7 nano\|SiO\-2 particles in average and have a good combination strength with PP matrix. The comprehensive properties of the PP/nano\|SiO\-2/EPDM can match with the engineering plastics.