碳化聚丙烯腈多孔材料在电化学电容器中的应用研究

聚丙烯腈 (PAN)及其共聚物是常用的高分子材料 ,在纺织和膜技术方面倍受重视 .聚丙烯腈纤维经氧化、碳化后 ,可制成具有高强度、高模量、能导电的碳纤维 .随着电子、信息、环保事业的发展和对新能源需求的提高 ,电化学电容器的研究成了一个热点 ,聚丙烯腈及其共聚物也开拓了它们的新应用领域 .电化学电容器是一类新型电子元件 ,其能量密度及功率密度介于电池及普通电容器之间 ,在低负荷场合可广泛应用于移动电话、录像机和笔记本电脑等电子产品 ,在高的功率负荷场合可与电池匹配 ,用于电动汽车 .从上世纪 80年代中后期开始 ,相关研究活跃…

CARBON FOAM MATERIALS PREPARED FROM POLYACRYLONITRILE AND THEIR APPLICATION IN ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS

Porous membranes of polyacry lonitrile were prepared directly on carbon paper with the phase inversion method,and then cross-linked under γ-ray radiation.Carbon foam materials were obtained from these cross-linked composite porous membranes after oxidation at 220℃ in air,carbonization at 850℃ in nitrogen and activation at 850℃ in CO-2.Morphologies of the carbon foam materials were observed with scanning electron microscopy,and the specific surface area was measured with the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) technique.It was found that the network structure of the carbon foam materials was affected by γ-ray radiation,and that the BET value could reach a high value of 500 m+2/g after treatment with CO-2 at 850℃.These carbon foam materials can be used directly as electrodes of electrochemical capacitors in suitable shapes and size.Cyclic voltammetry,AC impedance spectrum and galvanic cycles of the carbon foam electrode were tested both in aqueous and organic media for evaluating its electrochemical performance.The results show that the specific capacitance of such a carbon foam electrode in 1 mol/L aqueous solution of sulfuric acid is 174 F/g,which is at the high level of carbon electrodes.