静电纺丝法和气流-静电纺丝法制备聚砜纳米纤维

应用电纺法制备了聚砜纳米纤维.设计了一种新型的气流静电纺丝装置,其特点是在喷丝头上添加了喷气组件.电纺过程中所用聚砜的特性粘数为0.97dLg,溶剂为二甲基乙酰胺,载气为氮气.研究了聚砜纳米纤维的平均直径与过程参数之间的关系.研究表明影响聚砜纳米纤维的平均直径的主要因素为电压、纺丝液的流速、喷丝头与收集器之间的距离、操作温度以及纺丝液的性质(如粘度、表面张力和电导率).纳米纤维的平均直径和直径分布用扫描电镜表征.应用这种气流静电纺丝法制备的纳米纤维的直径范围是50～500nm.所得纳米纤维的直径依赖于电压、喷丝头与收集器之间的距离以及喷丝液的浓度.结果表明,采用气流静电纺丝不仅能制备较细而且均匀的纳米纤维,而且产量更高.

POLYSULFONE NANOFIBERS PREPARED BY ELECTROSPINNING AND GAS- JET/ELECTROSPINNING

Polysulfone nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. The electrospinning equipment was designed in a new way,in which the spinneret was combined with a gas jet device. The intrinsic viscosity of the used polysulfone was 0.97 dL/g in dimethyl aeetamide, which was also the solvent in eleetrospinning. The gas used in this gas jet/ electrostatic spinning was nitrogen. The relationship between the process parameters and the average diameter of polysulfone nanofibers was investigated. The main process parameters studied in this work were the voltage, the flow rate of the spinning fluid, the distance between the spinneret and the nanofiber collector and the temperature in the spinning chamber. The other important factors determining the nanometer diameter were the spinning fluid properties including its viscosity, surface tension and electrical conductivity. The average diameter and the diameter distribution of eleetrospinning nanofibers were measured experimentally by using scanning electron microscopy. The diameter of polysulfone nanofibers prepared by the gas jet/electrostatic spinning was in the range from 50 nm to 500 nm. It was found that the diameter of nanofibers was mainly depended on the high voltage, the gap between the spinneret and the collector and the concentration of polymer solutions. As compared electrostatic spinning method could generate thinner and more uniform to the couventional eletrospinning the gas jet/ nanofibers with higher efficiency.