单分散聚苯乙烯乳胶有序膜在二氧化硅多孔材料制备中的模板作用

自然界中许多物质经千万年发展进化,具有特殊结构,决定了它们具有奇异特性.人们对此过程非常关注,试图了解其结构性能关系,从而实现人工合成,仿生学应此而产生.比如天然蛋白石能呈现出鲜艳颜色,其原因在于单分散二氧化硅微球与具有选择性吸收光的某些金属氧化物微粒形成了有序的超晶格结构1].为了模拟此过程,人们以单分散二氧化硅或聚苯乙烯微粒形成的胶体晶作为模板,实现蛋白石的人工合成2].可以说,模板合成技术是制备有序材料的有效手段.本文以单分散聚苯乙烯乳胶室温形成的有序膜为模板,采用快速溶胶凝胶方法,制备了聚苯乙烯/二氧化硅…

TEMPLATE EFFECTS OF THE ORDERED FILM FORMED FROM MONODISPERSED POLYSTYRENE LATEX

A method for preparing 3D ordered macroporous silicate materials was developed by using the ordered stacking structure of monodispersed polystyrene latex as a template. By using a modified sol\|gel procedure, the ordered template was permeated and filled with silicate, and the title porous materials was formed after removing the template by calcination at high temperature. Moreover, the pores were highly ordered throughout all the sample. After observing the morphological profile of the sample before calcination, it was found that silicate existed in two typical morphologies: monodispersed particles in the cavities and interconnected network within the interstice of the template. The transition morphology was rod\|like formed by the condensation of the silicate monodispersed particles. Two aspects concerning with the template effects of the ordered latex film were emphasized: the polymeric spheres may result in orderly packed holes after calcination, and the dielectric interfacial layer surrounding the polymeric spheres may induce the formation of monodispersed silicate spheres with ordered stacking. Both aspects played important roles in the formation of the highly ordered inorganic porous materials by calcination the gel at high temperature.