Reversible high‐temperature phase transition of a manganese(II) formate framework with imidazolium cations

A new metal–formate framework, poly1H‐imidazol‐3‐ium tri‐μ₂‐formato‐manganese(II)]], {(C₃H₅N₂)Mn(HCOO)₃]}_n, was synthesized and its structural phase transition was studied by thermal analysis and variable‐temperature X‐ray diffraction analysis. The transition temperature is around 435 K. The high‐temperature phase is tetragonal and the low‐temperature phase is monoclinic, with a β angle close to 90°. The relationship of the unit cells between the two phases can be described as: a_HT = 0.5a_LT + 0.5b_LT; b_HT = −0.5a_LT + 0.5b_LT; c_HT = 0.5c_LT. In the high‐temperature phase, both the framework and the guest 1H‐imidazol‐3‐ium (HIm) cations are disordered; the HIm cations are located about 2mm sites and were modelled as fourfold disordered. The Mn and a formate C atom are located on fourfold rotary inversion axes, while another formate C atom is on a mirror plane. The low‐temperature structure is ordered and consists of two crystallographically independent HIm cations and two crystallographically independent Mn²⁺ ions. The phase transition is attributable to the order–disorder transition of the HIm cations.