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Unraveling the mystery of efficacy in Chinese medicine formula: New approaches and technologies for research on pharmacodynamic substances

Institution:	1. School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China;2. National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China

Abstract:	Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the key to unlock treasures of Chinese civilization. TCM and its compound play a beneficial role in medical activities to cure diseases, especially in major public health events such as novel coronavirus epidemics across the globe. The chemical composition in Chinese medicine formula is complex and diverse, but their effective substances resemble “mystery boxes”. Revealing their active ingredients and their mechanisms of action has become focal point and difficulty of research for herbalists. Although the existing research methods are numerous and constantly updated iteratively, there is remain a lack of prospective reviews. Hence, this paper provides a comprehensive account of existing new approaches and technologies based on previous studies with an in vitro to in vivo perspective. In addition, the bottlenecks of studies on Chinese medicine formula effective substances are also revealed. Especially, we look ahead to new perspectives, technologies and applications for its future development. This work reviews based on new perspectives to open horizons for the future research. Consequently, herbal compounding pharmaceutical substances study should carry on the essence of TCM while pursuing innovations in the field.

Keywords:	Chinese medicine formula Chemical components Compound Active ingredient Mass Spectrometry Disease Targets TCM"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0040"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Traditional Chinese medicine PK"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0050"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Pharmacokinetic PD"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0060"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Pharmacodynamic 2D"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0070"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Two Dimensional 3D"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0080"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Three Dimensional CDE"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0090"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Center for Drug Evaluation NMPA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0100"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"National Medical Products Administration R-strategy"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0110"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Reduce strategy HR-MS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0120"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"High Resolution Mass Spectrometry HPLC"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0130"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"High Performance Liquid Chromatography UPLC"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0140"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Q-TOF/MS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0150"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry GC-MS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0160"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ICPMS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0170"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry NL/PR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0180"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Neutral loss/precursor ion OPLS-DA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0190"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis MD"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0200"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Microdialysis QqQ-MS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0210"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Triple quadruple mass spectrometry MALDI MS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0220"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Matrix for surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry ADME"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0230"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Absorption Distribution Metabolism and Excretion MSI"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0240"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Mass spectrometry imaging AFA DESI-MSI"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0250"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging UF"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0260"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Affinity ultrafiltration MI"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0270"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Molecular imprinting QSAR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0280"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Quantitative structure-activity relationship XO"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0290"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Xanthine oxidase COX-2"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0300"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Cyclooxygenase 2 HTS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0310"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"High Throughput Screening AI"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0320"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"Artificial Intelligence HUA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0330"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"hyperuricemia
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