Chemical composition and nutritional properties of Terminalia catappa L. oil and kernels from Benin |
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Institution: | 1. Laboratory of Physic and Synthesis Organic Chemistry (LaCOPS), University of Abomey-Calavi, Faculty of Sciences and Technics (FAST), 01 BP: 4166 Cotonou, Benin;2. Pharmacognosy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, B1 7203, avenue Emmanuel-Mounier 72, B-1200 Bruxelles, Belgium;3. Laboratory of Enzymology and Biochemistry of Proteins (LEBP), University of Abomey-Calavi, Faculty of Sciences and Technics (FAST), BP: 188 Cotonou, Benin;4. Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Essential Oils (LAPHE), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS), Faculty of Sciences et Technics (FAST), 01BP: 188 Cotonou, Benin;5. Faculty of Bioscience Engineering & Institute of Life Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud, 2 bte L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium |
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Abstract: | This work focuses on the physico-chemical characterization of kernels and oil of Terminalia catappa L. from Benin. The detailed physico-chemical properties are given including the nutritional composition and fatty acid profile, but also the phenolic content, phytochemical screening and antioxidant capacity which were determined for the first time. The kernel (100 g) contained 5.5 g of moisture, a high level of lipids (64.7–140.4 of Recommended Daily Intake (RDI)), proteins (36.0% RDI), sugars (6.0% RDI), and tannins (0.6%). The defatted kernels (100 g) contained high levels of manganese (184.8–236.1% RDI), magnesium (173.6–235.2% RDI), iron (89.7–201.9% RDI), zinc (87.9–120.9% RDI) and calcium (41.5% RDI), and contributed for 98.6% of RDI proteins. The kernel oil showed a high level of unsaturated fatty acids including oleic (27.1%) and linoleic acids (26.6%) and saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid (40.0%) as well as several phytosterols and triterpenes. These kernels and their unsaturated oil are of interesting nutritional value but could also be used as a biofuel or lubricant. The presence of phenolic and terpenic derivatives may also explain at least in part their use in traditional medicine. |
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Keywords: | Physico-chemical properties Fatty acid profile Nutritional values Polyphenols and tannins content Propriétés physico-chimiques Profil en acide gras Propriétés nutritionnelles Teneur en polyphénols et tanins |
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