锌离子荧光探针研究进展

锌广泛存在于人体内,具有重要生理功能。因此,对游离锌离子的选择性识别和有效检测具有重要意义。荧光探针因其设计简单、易于操作、灵敏度高、可细胞成像等诸多优点而广泛应用于锌离子的识别研究。锌离子荧光探针常见的识别机理包括光致电子转移、分子内电荷转移、荧光共振能量转移、聚集诱导荧光增强、螯合荧光增强等。其中,基于螯合荧光增强机理的锌离子探针,其荧光团通常可同时作为识别基团,因此,相比于其它探针,具有设计较为简单、合成较为便捷的优点。本文综述了近年来文献中报道的基于以上各种识别机理的锌离子荧光探针,并着重介绍了螯合荧光增强机理在锌离子识别中的应用。

Research Progress of Fluorescent Zinc Probes

It is of great importance to selectively detect and effectively monitor zinc ion because of its wide distribution in human cells and vital roles in human metabolism. Fluorescent probes have been extensively applied in zinc sensing because of the advantages of simple-design, easy-operation, high sensitivity and cell imaging capability. Fluorescent zinc probes are generally constructed based on the mechanisms of photo-induced electron transfer, intra-molecular charge transfer, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, aggregation-induced emission and chelation-enhanced fluorescence. Among these mechanisms, zinc probes constructed on chelation-enhanced fluorescence have the advantages of easy design and synthesis because its fluorophore can simultaneously act as the receptor. In this review, fluorescent zinc probes based on the aforementioned mechanisms, especially, chelation-enhanced fluorescence, reported in recent years are briefly summarized.