碳量子点的制备及其在能源与环境领域应用进展

碳量子点(carbon quantum dots,CQDs)作为碳纳米材料家族的新成员引起了科学家广泛关注和极大的研究兴趣。CQDs具有优良的光学特性、生物相容性及微弱的细胞毒性,在生物医药、生物传感器及光电子设备、环境及能源等领域中具有重要的应用。本文从CQDs的制备方法出发,介绍了近年来发展的新型制备方法,讨论了其优缺点以及对所得CQDs在组成、结构和性质等方面的影响;基于CQDs独特的光学及电化学性能,重点介绍了CQDs在环境与能源领域的应用。此外,对CQDs研究过程中存在的若干挑战进行了分析,提出了未来发展的一些思考和建议,为拓展CQDs多方面应用提供重要参考。

Progress in Preparation of Carbon Quantum Dots and Its Application in the Fields of Energy and Environment

Carbon quantum dots(CQDs) as a new member of the family of carbon nanomaterials, have excellent fluorescence properties, biocompatibility and weak cytotoxicity, and have attracted wide interests of scientists. In this paper, the preparation methods of CQDs were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods and their effect on the composition, structure and properties of CQDs were discussed. In view of optical and electrochemical properties of CQDs, the application of CQDs in the field of energy and environment was summarized. In addition, some challenges in the process of CQDs research were analyzed. Several recommendations and opinions were provided for the further research in CQDs, which will provide important reference for the development of CQDs applications.