仿生矿化的机理和应用研究进展

碳酸钙、磷酸钙为代表的生物矿物广泛分布于自然界中，经过不同的矿化过程，在生物体内呈现出多样的结构、形貌和功能，构成生物体多种组织和器官。在人工材料合成领域，仿生矿化通过调控碳酸钙、磷酸钙等矿物的成核与生长，获得具有复杂高级结构和特殊生物功能的无机或无机/有机复合材料。本文重点介绍仿生矿化机理和应用的最近研究进展，包括仿生矿化结晶理论（经典和非经典成核理论）、结晶过程调控方法（无机离子、有机小分子、生物大分子、有机聚合物）以及在生物工程领域的应用（骨组织工程、牙釉质修复、仿生增强材料等），简要展望仿生矿化未来的研究方向，为先进仿生材料的制备与应用提供参考。

Research Progress on Mechanism and Application of Biomimetic Mineralization

Biological minerals represented by calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate are elsewhere in nature.Through different biomineralization processes,they present a wide variety of structures,morphologies,and functions,constituting various tissues and organs.In the field of artificial material synthesis,biomineralized inorganic or inorganic/organic hybrid materials with special structures and biological functions could be obtained by regulating the nucleation and growth of mineral crystal,such as calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate.This article focuses on recent research progresses on the mechanisms and applications of biomimetic mineralization,including crystallization theories(e.g.,classical and non-classical nucleation theories),crystallization controlling processes(e.g.,using inorganic ions,organic small molecules,biological macromolecules,organic polymers),biological applications(e.g.,bone tissue engineering,dental enamel restoration,biomimetic enhancement materials,etc.).At last,we provide a brief outlook on the future research direction of biomimetic mineralization.This article serves as a reference for the preparation and application of advanced bionic materials.