水稻秸秆石油醚和乙醇萃取物的组成分析

用石油醚和乙醇在索式萃取器中对水稻秸秆进行了萃取，萃取物用傅里叶转换红外光谱仪（FTIR）和气相色谱 质谱联用仪（GC/MS）分析。 结果表明，乙醇和石油醚的萃取率分别为8%和6%。 萃取物中共检测到40种物质，主要分为醇酚（APs）、醛、酮、酸、酯、烃（HCs）及含氮化合物（ONs）7种类别。 其中，石油醚萃取物中酯、HCs和APs 3类物质含量较高，总的相对含量为91.7%；乙醇萃取物中HCs、酸、酯及APs含量较高，总的相对含量为83.9%。 该研究在开发稻秆的高附加值利用方面具有重要的基础理论意义。

Analysis of Petroleum Ether and Ethanol Extractable Species from Rice Straw

Rice straw was extracted with petroleum ether and ethanol by Soxhlet extraction, respectively. Detailed characterizations of the extracts were performed with a gas chromatography/mass spectrometer(GC/MS), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectrometer. The results show that the extraction yields of ethanol and petroleum ether are 8% and 6%, respectively. In total, 40 organic species were identified from extracts, and they can be classified into 7 groups of components:alcohols and phenols(APs), aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, hydrocarbons(HCs) and organonitrogen compounds(ONs). Esters, HCs and APs are the most abundant compounds in the petroleum ether extactable fraction, the total relative content of which is 91.7%. More HCs, acids, esters, and APs are detected in ethanol extracts, the total relative content is 83.9%. The research is significant in the high value added utilization of straw..