水溶液中单电子转移活性自由基聚合法制备新型阳离子共聚丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸酯

以咪唑、丙烯腈和溴辛烷等为原料，合成了新型阳离子型可聚合离子液体表面活性剂单体：氯化-1-正辛基-3-（4-丙烯酸丁酯基）咪唑（PMOIH8）。 以2-氯丙酰胺为引发剂，Cu0粉/三-（2-二甲氨基乙基）-Me-6-TREN为催化体系，采用单电子转移活性自由基聚合法对丙烯酰胺（AM）、PMOIH8进行了二元共聚合反应，合成了一种新型阳离子共聚丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸酯P（AM/PMOIH）。 FT-IR、MS和1H NMR分析表明，所得聚合物为目标产物，采用GPC测得聚合物的相对分子质量为2×103~14×103，相对分子质量分布Mw/Mn在1.21~1.75之间。 考察了催化剂、引发剂等因素对聚合的影响。 结果表明，降低催化剂用量，聚合反应速率变慢，链增长速率常数kappp由0.0168 min-1降低至0.0065 min-1,Mw/Mn由1.25~1.71增加至1.32~1.75，引发效率Ieff=90.24%；增加引发剂用量，Mw/Mn由1.25~1.71减小至1.21~1.68，kappp由0.0168 min-1增加至0.0201 min-1，Ieff增加至93.17%。

Synthesis of Novel Cationic Copolymer Acrylamide/Acrylic Acid Ester by Single Electron Transfer Living Radical Polymerization in Aqueous Solution

The imidazole, acrylonitrile, bromooctane were used to synthesize a new cationic polymerizable ionic liquid surfactant named chlorinated-1-octyl-3-(4-butylacrylate-based)imidazole(PMOIH8). Using 2-chloropropylamide(MPC) as the initiator, Cu0 powder and tris-(2-dimethylamino ethyl) amine (Me6-TREN) as the catalyst, a new kind of copolymer acrylamide/acrylic ester was synthesized via single electron transfer living radical polymerization(SET-LRP) of acrylamide with PMOIH8. The resulting polymers were analyzed by FT-IR, MS and 1H NMR, and the results showed that the polymers were target products. The relative molecular mass and the distribution of the resulting polymer were determined by GPC. The relative molecular mass of polymersis within the range of2×103~14×103, and the relative molecular mass distributionis within the range of1.21~1.75. Various factors which might affect the SET-LRP such as catalyst and initiator were discussed. The results showed that as the amount of catalyst reduced, the polymerization rate decreased and the polymerization rate constant(kappp) reduced from 0.0168 min-1 to 0.0065 min-1, while the relative molecular mass distribution Mw/Mn increased from 1.25~1.71 to 1.32~1.75, and the initiator efficiency decreased, Ieff=90.24%. As the amount of initiator increased, the relative molecular mass distribution of the resulting polymer was narrower with Mw/Mn reduced from 1.25~1.71 to 1.21~1.68, while the polymerization rate constant(Kappp) increased from 0.0168 min-1 to 0.0201 min-1, and the initiator efficiency increased, Ieff=93.17%.