低温等离子体制备与改性纳米催化材料的研究进展

低温等离子体属于非热平衡等离子体,它具有较高的电子温度和较低的气体温度,是一种纳米催化剂制备与改性的新方法。 低温等离子体因其高效、环境友好、材料易实现功能化等特点在制备和改性纳米催化材料方面引起了广泛关注,在纳米催化材料的非常规制备、掺杂、缺陷和空位制造中展现了突出的优势,因而被广泛用于各类催化剂的制备与改性中。 本文主要综述了低温等离子体在氧还原(ORR)、氧析出(OER)、析氢(HER)和燃料氧化反应(FOR)催化剂制备与改性方面的研究进展,从不同角度阐述了上述各类催化剂性能改善的原因,并对低温等离子体在纳米催化剂制备与改性方面存在的成本相对较高、反应器放大、材料可控制备等挑战进行了总结,最后对等离子体制备与改性纳米催化剂的发展趋势进行了预测。

Progress in Preparation and Modification of Nano-catalytic Materials by Low-Temperature Plasma

Low temperature plasma belongs to a non-thermal equilibrium plasma, which has higher electron temperature and lower gas temperature. It is a new method to prepare and modify nanometer catalyst. Low-temperature plasma has attracted much attention in the preparation and modification of nano-catalytic materials because of its high efficiency, environmental protection, and easy functionalization. It exhibits outstanding advantages in the unconventional preparation, doping, manufacturing defects and vacancies of nano-catalytic materials, and thus is widely used in the preparation and modification of various catalysts. In this paper, we mainly introduced the research progress of low temperature plasma in the preparation and modification of catalysts such as oxygen reduction reaction(ORR), oxygen evolution reaction(OER), hydrogen evolution reaction(HER), fuel oxidation reaction(FOR), and the reasons for improving the performance of various catalysts were discussed. The challenges of low temperature plasma in the preparation and modification of nano-catalysts were summarized, such as relatively high cost, reactor amplification, material controllable preparation and so on. At last, the development tendency of using low temperature plasma to prepare and modify the catalyst was forecasted.