基于非贵金属氧还原催化剂的质子交换膜燃料电池性能 |
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引用本文: | 张焰峰,肖菲,陈广宇,邵敏华.基于非贵金属氧还原催化剂的质子交换膜燃料电池性能[J].电化学,2020,26(4):563. |
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作者姓名: | 张焰峰 肖菲 陈广宇 邵敏华 |
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作者单位: | 1.江苏奥新新能源汽车有限公司,江苏 盐城 2240002.香港科技大学化学及生物工程系,香港 九龙清水湾3.上海智能新能源汽车科创功能平台有限公司,上海 2018054.长三角新能源汽车研究院有限公司,江苏 盐城5.广州市香港科大霍英东研究院,广东 广州 5114586.香港科技大学能源研究院,香港 999077 |
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基金项目: | 国家重点研发计划新能源汽车重点专项(2017YFB0102900);国家重点研发计划新能源汽车重点专项(2018YFB0105700);佛山市香港科技大学产学研合作专项(FSUST19-FYTRI07);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金区域联合基金-青年基金项目资助(2019A1515110253) |
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摘 要: | 质子交换膜燃料电池的成本和寿命问题是制约其商业化的主要瓶颈. 开发高效稳定的新型非铂氧还原催化剂是降低电池成本的重要途径. 过渡金属-氮-碳型非贵金属催化剂具有较高催化活性、资源丰富、价格低廉等优点, 被认为是未来最有希望替代铂的氧还原催化剂. 本综述从催化剂的设计构筑、催化层结构优化以及电池测试等方面, 对过渡金属-氮-碳型非贵金属催化剂的国内外最新研究进展进行了重点讨论, 并对未来其发展趋势提出展望.
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关 键 词: | 质子交换膜燃料电池 非贵金属催化剂 膜电极 耐久性 |
收稿时间: | 2020-03-14 |
Fuel Cell Performance of Non-Precious Metal Based Electrocatalysts |
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Abstract: | The commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is hindered by high cost and low durability of Pt based electrocatalysts. Developing efficient and durable non-precious metal catalysts is a promising approach to addressing these conundrums. Among them, transition metals dispersed in a nitrogen (N)-doped carbon support (M-N-C) show good oxygen reduction reaction activity. This article reviews recent progress in M-N-C catalysts development, focusing on the catalysts design, membrane electrode assembly fabrication, fuel cell performance, and durability testing. Template-assisted approach is an efficient way to synthesize M-N-C materials with homogeneously dispersed single atom active site and reduced metal particles, carbides formation. However, the issue related to low intensity of active sites should be addressed via strengthening metal-ligand interaction and using high surface area precursors. In general, the catalyst loading for the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of non-precious catalyst is high (3 ~ 4 mg·cm-2) in order to obtain acceptable performance, which is also highly dependent on ink preparation and coating protocol, ionomer/catalyst ratio, etc. The highest power densities for Fe-N-C and Co-N-C are reported to be 1.18 and 0.87 W·cm-2 with O2 at the cathode, respectively. Despite the significant progress in non-precious metal catalysts development, the undesired durability (only a few hundreds of hours) is still far from the target of 5000 h by 2025. Thus, much more efforts should be spent on improving their durability. |
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Keywords: | proton exchange membrane fuel cells non-precious metal catalysts membrane electrode assembly durability |
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