层状碳及层状碳/硫酸铅复合材料的制备与应用

碳酸钾或碳酸钠颗粒作催化剂基底，采用化学气相沉积（CVD）制得类似于石墨烯的层状碳材料，并经原位化学沉积可得层状碳/硫酸铅复合材料. 用X射线衍射（XRD）、热重分析、扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）分析与测试样品. 结果表明，层状碳为无定型碳层，复合材料为无定型碳层与附着其上的细小硫酸铅颗粒的复合. 上述层状碳和复合材料作为负极添加剂应用于铅酸电池中，测试了电池电化学性能. 结果表明，电池大电流放电比容量和循环寿命均明显提高. 通过电化学交流阻抗谱图（EIS）、充放电曲线和负极失效后的SEM照片证实，加入添加剂能够降低反应阻抗、减小极化及有效抑制极板硫酸盐化.

Preparations and Applications of Layered Carbon and Layered Carbon-PbSO4 Composite

The layered carbon materials (similar to graphene) have been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on the cheap catalyst (potassium or sodium carbonate substrate). The layered-carbon- lead sulfate (PbSO₄) composite could be prepared by in situ chemical deposition based on the layered carbon. The XRD, SEM and TEM results showed that the layered carbon materials was amorphous carbon layer, and the composite was a compound made of fine lead sulfate grains and layered carbon. Thermogravimetric analysis determined the carbon content in the composite. Adding a certain amount of layered carbon or layered-carbon-PbSO₄ composite into negative active materials of lead acid batteries, the specific capacitance and cycle performance of the batteries were significantly enhanced. The decrease in the electrochemical reaction resistance, the reduced polarization and the inhibition of sulfation, which are supported by EIS curves, charge/discharge curves and SEM images, might be responsible for the improved performance.