功能纳米材料的化学控制合成、组装、结构与性能

维度限制使得纳米材料具有独特的物理和化学性质，如何对纳米构造单元的结构进行调控，并最终将纳米效应在宏观尺度上体现是当今纳米科技面临的挑战性问题，纳米材料的化学控制合成方法学、组装、结构与性能的研究是解决上述问题的基础．这篇综述文章从四个方面，分别介绍了单分散纳米晶以及纳米管、纳米线、空心纳米微球等系列低维纳米结构在合成方法与技术、“自下而上”的组装、基于微结构的性能表征与应用探索等领域取得的研究进展，试图总结出其中的规律性，同时也展现了纳米科学与技术的魅力和广阔的发展前景．

Controlled synthesis,assembly of functional nanomaterials and their properties exploration based on structures

Nanomaterials exhibit special physical and chemical properties because of their confinements in size and dimension. However, there are still challenges to control the structures of the nano-building blocks, and finally express the nano-effects on macroscopy. To resolve these problems, it needs to develop controlled synthetic methodology, as well as the nanocrystal further assembling, and investigate the relationship between their structures and properties. In this review, the synthetic methods for monodisperse nanocrystals, nanotubes, nanowires, and hollow nanospheres have been introduce firstly, and then the ＂bottom-up＂ assembly approaches. Finally, the properties and applications based on these nanostructures have been discussed, which have also shown the great potential of the applications in the nanoscience and nanotechnology.