介孔氧化镍的复合表面活性剂模版法制备及表征

用六水合硝酸镍为镍源,尿素为沉淀剂,以少量的复合表面活性剂(SDS/P123,CTAB/P123,CTBA/SDS)为模板水热制备了介孔氧化镍。分别采用热重-差示扫描量热(TG-DSC)、傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、氮气吸附脱附、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对产物的结构和形貌进行了表征。用循环伏安法,恒电流充放电和交流阻抗谱等对材料进行了电化学性能的测试。结果表明,以复合表面活性剂SDS/P123为模板制备的介孔氧化镍有最大的比表面积、孔径和比电容,且当SDS/P123质量比为2:1时,所制备的氧化镍比表面积、孔径和比电容分别为209 m2.g-1,0.407 cm3.g-1,265 F.g-1。

Preparation and Characterization of Mesoporous Nickel Oxide Templated by Different Mixed Surfactants

Mesoporous nickel oxide was prepared by hydrothermal method using Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O as the nickel source, urea as the precipitant and mixed surfactant SDS/P123, CTAB/P123, CTBA/SDS as the template, at a low consumption of total surfactant. The precursor and final products were characterized by TG-DSC, FTIR, XRD, N₂ adsorption-desorption, SEM and TEM. Electrochemical performances were examined by cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge-discharge and electrical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that NiO templated by mixed surfactant SDS/P123 has the highest specific surface area, pore volume and capacitance of 209 m²·g^-1, 0.407 cm³·g^-1 and 265 F·g^-1, respectively, when the mass ratio of m_SDS:m_P123=2:1.