机械化学法制备金属-有机骨架及其复合物研究进展

金属-有机骨架(MOFs)是由金属离子/簇和多齿状有机配体通过配位键桥联而形成的多孔晶态材料。MOFs材料具有孔隙率高、比表面积大、尺寸可调、结构易修饰、功能多样化等特点,使其在气体吸附、分离和催化等方面都具有潜在应用价值。到目前为止,在MOFs合成的几种常见方法中,机械化学法(即在无溶剂或极少量溶剂的情况下研磨固体反应物进行的反应)作为一种清洁、绿色、高效的合成手段逐渐引起人们的关注。本综述总结了近年来机械化学合成MOFs及其复合物的典型进展,目的是为机械化学法合成MOFs及其复合材料提供一个通用而易于理解的概述。目前的研究进展表明,机械化学法是一种实用且环境友好的合成方法,为低成本、宏量生产MOFs及其复合物提供了可能。

Preparation of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Composites Using Mechanochemical Methods

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous crystalline materials build up of metal ions/clusters and multidentate organic ligands via coordination bonding interactions. Due to their unique characteristics like high porosity, high specific surface area, adjustable pore size, easy modification structure and diversified functions, MOFs were widely used in many fields including but not limited to gas adsorption/separation and catalysis. Up to now, among several common preparation methods of MOFs and their composites, mechanochemistry (reactions performed by grinding solid reactants in the absence of solvents or very small amounts of solvents) as clean, green and efficient synthesis method has attracted increasing attentions. This review aims to provide a general and easily understood overview of the mechanochemical synthesis for MOFs and their composites, in which the typical progresses of mechanochemical synthsis of MOFs and MOFs composites in recent years are summeried. At present, the research trends have affirmed that the mechanochemical method is a practical and environmentally friendly way to achieve the low-cost and high-throughput production of MOFs and their composites.