钠离子电池用铁基正极材料的研究进展

气候变化和化石燃料枯竭等问题将促进新型绿色能源的开发和利用。因此,高效率、低成本、安全的储能系统,得到了越来越多的关注和研究。在各类储能系统中,二次电池是存储电能、为电子设备供电的最理想选择。目前,锂离子电池(LIBs)的应用最广泛。然而,地球上锂资源的短缺和分布不均造成的成本较高,急需研究和开发其他高性能的新型二次电池。钠元素具有地壳中储量丰富、均匀且与锂具有相似化学性质等优势,使得钠离子电池(SIBs)成为了取代LIBs最有前景的备选二次电池之一。然而,钠离子的体积较大、离子传导动力学更缓慢、导电性更差等问题,限制了SIBs高性能的实现,这是目前研究的难点和重点。此外,铁具有储量丰富、环境友好的特点,其在SIBs中的应用引起了电池领域科研工作者的广泛关注。因此,寻找良好的铁基正极材料成为SIBs高性能电极材料开发的一个重要研究方向。本综述对近年来SIBs铁基正极材料方面的研究进展进行了总结,并按照聚阴离子型化合物、过渡金属氧化物、普鲁士蓝及类似物和氟化物分类,进行了系统的阐述和分析。

Research Progresses on Iron-Based Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

The issues of climate change and fossil fuel depletion will promote the development and use of new green energy sources. Therefore, the energy storage system with high efficiency, low cost and safety has received more and more attention and research. Among various types of energy storage systems, secondary batteries are the best choice for storing electric energy and powering electronic devices. Currently, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the most widely used. However, due to the high cost caused by the shortage and uneven distribution of lithium resources on earth, research and development of other high-performance new secondary batteries are urgently needed. Sodium element has the advantages of abundant reserves in the crust, uniformity and similar chemical properties with lithium, so sodium ion batteries (SIBs) is one of the most promising alternative secondary batteries to replace LIBs. However, problems such as larger volume of sodium ions, slower ion conduction kinetics and worse conductivity limit the realization of high performance of SIBs, which is the difficulty and focus of current research. In addition, iron is rich in reserves and environmentally friendly, and its application in SIBs has attracted extensive attention from researchers in the field of batteries. Therefore, finding good iron-based cathode materials has become an important research direction for the development of high-performance electrode materials of SIBs. This review summarizes the recent progress in the research of iron-based cathode materials for SIBs, and systematically describes and analyzes the classification of polyanionic compounds, transition metal oxides, Prussian blue and its analogues, and fluorides.