纳米氧化锌的乳液合成、结构表征与气敏性能

利用化学沉淀法、乳液法及微乳液法合成了不同晶粒尺寸的纳米氧化锌气敏材料；用X射线衍射和透射电镜、研究了材料的晶体结构和陶瓷微结构，并利用科西-科西法和德拜-谢乐法计算了材料的平均晶粒度和晶格畸变；和静态配气法测试了材料对乙醇、汽油、氢气、丁烷、六氟化硫的气体灵敏度。实验结果表明：微乳液法和阴离子表面活性剂乳化法合成的氧化锌具有颗粒小，气体灵敏度高和工作温度低的特点。

EMULSION SYNTHESIS, MICROSTRUCTURE AND GAS SENSING PROPERTIES OF NANOMETER ZnO CERAMICS

Nanometer ZnO gas sensing materials with different particle size were made by chemical precipitation, emulsion and microemulsion, respectively. Crystal structure and ceramic microstructure of powder samples were determinated by XRD and TEM. The mean grain size and lattice distortion of the materials was calculated with Cauchy-Cauchy method and Debye-Scherrer method. Gas sensitivity for H₂, SF₆, C₄H₁₀ gasoline, C₂H₅OH of different temperature were measured using distribution in static state. It can be shown from experimental results, ZnO made by microemulsion method and emulsion with anion surfactant has smaller grains size than that made by precipitation or emulsion with cation sufactant, its gas sensitivity is higher, and its working temperature is lower than that of the others.