乙醇/水混合溶剂体系中碳酸钙晶体晶型和取向的控制

采用（NH₄）₂CO₃分解法，制备得到了晶型和形貌可控的CaCO₃晶体。研究结果表明，乙醇/水混合溶剂、陈化时间和L-半胱氨酸自组装单层模板对CaCO₃晶体的晶型、取向和形貌都具有重要影响。无单层模板情况下，溶液中主要得到了球霰石，球霰石的形貌随陈化时间从花朵外形变为树叶形。同样的醇/水体系中，在自组装单层上却得到了取向为（104）晶面的方解石。这与水溶液中同一自组装单层上主要获得（001）结晶面的方解石有明显不同。方解石的形貌也随陈化时间变化而改变。陈化时间为3h时，得到具有孔洞结构的方解石；陈化时间为12h时，得到表面光滑的菱面体方解石。

Control of Crystalline Polymorphs and Orientations for Calcium Carbonate in Mixed Solvents of Ethanol and Water

In the present study, the crystals of calcium carbonate were obtained by the diffusion of NH₃ and CO₂ into the CaCl₂ solution. CaCl₂ solution was prepared by dissolving CaCl₂ into the mixed solvents of ethanol and water. Experimental results showed that the mixed solvents, the aging time and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of L-cysteine had significant influence on crystalline forms, orientations and even morphologies. Only calcite crystals were obtained on SAMs but in solution the main products were vaterite. In solution, flower-like and leaf-like vaterite were obtained depends on the aging time being 3 h and 12 h, respectively. However on the templates of SAMs, calcites with quite different morphologies (from porous to smooth surfaces) were obtained when the aging time changed.