Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polycarbonate blend-based nanocomposites with enhanced rigidity — Selective localization of carbon nanofillers and organoclay |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan;2. Department of General Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan;1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and System of Ministry Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China;1. CIMJECT Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil;2. Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory, University Hospital (HU), Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil;3. Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Edificio 6, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy;1. MMRI/ CAPPA-D, Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada;2. 3M Canada Company, London, Ontario, Canada;1. Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90924 Lodz, Poland;2. Lodz University of Technology, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;1. Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation, College of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China;2. Chonbuk National University, School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Baekjero 567, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561–756, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, University Road, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;4. Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada;5. DSM Biomedical, 735 Pennsylvania Dr, Exton, PA 19341, USA;1. Institute for Polymer Technologies e. V., 23966 Wismar, Germany;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hochschule Wismar University of Applied Sciences, Technology, Business and Design, 23966 Wismar, Germany;3. Department of Plastics Technologies, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene nanoplatelet (GnP) and organo-montmorillonite (15 A) individually and simultaneously served as reinforcing fillers to prepare poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/polycarbonate (PC) blend-based multicomponent nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy results confirmed the selective localization of individual and hybrid fillers within the PC domains. Some 15 A was located at the interface of PVDF/PC phases to modify the blend morphology. Addition of CNT led to the development of a quasi co-continuous PVDF-PC morphology. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that 15 A, not CNT/GnP, facilitated PVDF crystallization in the composites. Among the fillers, 15 A alone induced β-form PVDF crystals, as revealed by the X-ray diffraction results, and consequently caused the complex crystallization and melting of PVDF. The rigidity (Young's and flexural moduli) of the PVDF/PC blend increased after the formation of various blend-based nanocomposites. The hybrid filler of CNT/15 A increased the Young's modulus by approximately 90% compared with that of the blend. Rheological property measurements confirmed the formation of a pseudo-network structure in the composites. Adding CNT increased the complex viscosity of the samples to a higher extent than did adding GnP, and the viscosity further increased with the co-existence of carbon nanofiller(s) and 15 A. |
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| Keywords: | Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Polycarbonate Blend Nanofillers Selective localization Physical properties |
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