Chemistry of 4-fluoroglutamic acid. Part 1. A critical survey of its syntheses: an attempt to optimize reaction conditions for large-scale preparation

Synthetic methods for the preparation of 4-fluoroglutamic acid (1) are reviewed. Theutility of every method for routine laboratory work is evaluated with respect to theaccessibility of starting materials and reagents, the overall yields and also from theviewpoint of safety. Optimum reaction conditions are given for the selected pathway,suitable for large-scale synthesis.