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结构破坏的尺度律
作者姓名:Bazant  Z Chen.  EP
作者单位:中国科学院力学研究所
基金项目:国家自然科学基金!19891180
摘    要:文中综述了结构破坏的尺度律和尺寸效应的研究进展,尤其将重点放在准脆性材料的分析上,因为它们的尺寸效应是重要和复杂的.在回顾了尺寸效应研究的悠远发展史以后。着重讨论了三种主要类型的尺寸效应,即由于强度随机性引起的统计尺寸效应、能量释放的尺寸效应和由于微裂纹或断裂的分形特性可能引起的尺寸效应.得出了这些理论应用的明确结论.之后讨论了如何运用已知的尺寸效应律来测量材料的断裂特性,并采用内聚裂纹模型(cohesivecrackmodel)、非局域化有限元模型和离散元模型等对尺寸效应进行模化.文中还进而分析了尺寸效应在压缩失效和车相关材料行为下的有关问题,并讨论了在断裂扩展区描述含微裂纹材料所需的损伤本构关系.最后也讨论了尺寸效应对准脆性材料的多种应用,这些材料包括,如混凝土、海冰、纤维复合材料、岩石和陶瓷等.本文包含了参考文献377篇

关 键 词:尺度律  结构破坏  准脆性  断裂和损伤  

SCALING OF STRUCTURAL FAILURE
Bazant,Z Chen.,EP.SCALING OF STRUCTURAL FAILURE[J].Advances in Mechanics,1999,29(3):383-433.
Authors:Zdenek  Bazant
Abstract:This article attempts to review the progress achieved in the understanding of scaling and size effect in the failure of structures. Particular emphasis is placed on quasibrittle materials for which the size effect is important and complicated. After reflections on the long history of size effectstudies, attention is focused on three main types of size effects, namely the statistical size effect due to randomness of strength, the energy release size effect, and the possible size effect due to fractality of fracture or microcracks. Definitive conclusions on the applicability of these theories are drawn. Subsequently, the article discusses the application of the known size effect law for the measurement of material fracture properties, and the modeling of the size effect by the cohesive crack model,nonlocal finite element models and discrete element models. Extensions to compression failure and to the rate-dependent material behavior are also outlined. The damage constitutive law needed for describing a microcracked material in the fracture process zone is discussed. Various applications to quasibrittle materials, including concrete, sea ice, fiber composites, rocks and ceramics are presented. There are 377 references included in this article.
Keywords:scaling  structural failure  quasibrittleness  fracture and damage  fractal  
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