分离式Hopkinson压杆实验技术研究进展

分离式Hopkinson压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB)技术是一种广泛应用于研究材料加载应变率在($10^{2}\sim 10^{4}{\rm s}^{- 1}$)范围内力学响应的实验方法. 在详细介绍Hopkinson, Davies和Kolsky的3篇经典论文的基础上, 从基本理论研究、加载波形控制、复合加载方式以及测试系统改进4个方面详细论述SHPB实验技术的研究进展. 通过分析SHPB实验技术在实际应用中存在的问题, 提出SHPB标准化、拓宽应用范围以及广义SHPB技术是SHPB实验技术研究值得深入探索的方向.

A CRITICAL REVIEW OF SPLIT HOPKINSON PRESSURE BAR TECHNIQUE

The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experimental technique is the most common method to evaluate the dynamic mechanical properties in the range of strain rates from 10$^{2}$s$^{ - 1}$ to 10$^{4}$s$^{ - 1}$. The state-of-the-art methods in Hopkinson bar experiments are summarized after a detailed discussion of the three classic papers by Hopkinson, Davies, and Kolsky. Advancements of the Hopkinson bar experimental methods are discussed, including fundamental theories, loading techniques and improvements in measurements. Fundamentals of the Hopkinson bar experimental procedure are outlined, including specimen design, friction effect and pulse shaping. The loading techniques consist of pulse shaping, single-pulse loading and controlled multi-pulse loading. The quartz-crystal system, the laser system and the infrared system represent recent improvements in the SHPB experimental technique. This paper provides necessary information for conducting a Hopkinson bar experiment and analyzing the experimental data. It is essential to standardize the SHPB technique and apply it to even larger range of materials in the future.