船用复合材料螺旋桨研究进展

复合材料具有比强度高,阻尼性能好及可调整纤维铺层以控制结构变形等优点.复合材料应用于螺旋桨将改善螺旋桨的推进性能和振动特性.通过对国内外复合材料螺旋桨研究成果的回顾、总结和归纳,得出了传统的算法已不满足复合材料螺旋桨的设计和预报要求,复合材料螺旋桨的设计和预报算法需考虑桨叶变形引起的空间流场变化的结论.分析了可借助纤维增强材料所具有的弯扭耦合特性,调整桨叶纤维材料铺层和桨叶结构形式来提高螺旋桨推进效率的规律性.总结了复合材料螺旋桨研究中的关键技术和复合材料螺旋桨设计流程,并指出了复合材料螺旋桨未来研究的趋势.

REVIEW OF RESEARCHES ON COMPOSITE MARINE ROPELLERS

Composite materials have high strength-to-weight ratios, improved material damping properties, and their fiber orientations can be exploited to tailor the structural deformation. Composites for marine propellers can be used to reduce fluttering and to improve the hydrodynamic efficiency. Researches at home and abroad on composite marine propellers are reviewed and summarized, which reveals that the conventional calculation algorithm of metal propellers is not suitable for the design and prediction of composite marine propellers. The design and calculation of composite marine propellers need the consideration of the wake flow change resulting from the deformation of propeller blades. The mechanism is analyzed with the help of the bending–twisting coupling characteristics of anisotropic composites. In these composites the fibers can be aligned and stacked and a high efficiency propeller can, with suitable blade configuration, thus be achieved. During the study of composite marine propellers, critical factors are identified. Finally the flowchart of design of composite marine propellers is suggested, and further research topics on composite marine propellers are proposed.