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添加剂湍流减阻流动与换热研究综述
引用本文:焦利芳,李凤臣.添加剂湍流减阻流动与换热研究综述[J].力学进展,2008,38(3):339-357.
作者姓名:焦利芳  李凤臣
作者单位:哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院 哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院
基金项目:哈尔滨科技创新人才专项基金
摘    要:添加剂湍流减阻是指在液体的管道湍流中添加少量的高分子聚合物或某种表面活性剂从而使湍流阻力大大降低的现象.从其被发现至今,经过近半个世纪的研究(实验研究、理论分析、数值模拟和实际系统的应用研究),尽管对这一现象及其实际应用价值已有了较为深入的认识,但仍有许多方面尚有欠缺,例如对湍流减阻的机理仍然在探索中. 本文归纳评述了高分子聚合物或表面活性剂添加剂湍流减阻流动与换热现象的研究现状,从湍流减阻剂的特性、减阻剂的湍流减阻机理、湍流减阻发生时的换热机理、减阻流动速度场分布和换热控制等几个方面综述了添加剂湍流减阻流动与换热特性,并综述了湍流减阻剂在实际工业系统中的应用情况,在对添加剂湍流减阻机理、有湍流减阻发生时的对流换热机理等的理解方面进行了新的总结.

关 键 词:高分子聚合物  表面活性剂  湍流减阻  对流换热  节能
收稿时间:2007-07-23
修稿时间:2007年7月23日

REVIEW OF TURBULENT DRAG-REDUCING FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER WITH ADDITIVES
JIAO Lifang,LI Fengchen.REVIEW OF TURBULENT DRAG-REDUCING FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER WITH ADDITIVES[J].Advances in Mechanics,2008,38(3):339-357.
Authors:JIAO Lifang  LI Fengchen
Abstract:Turbulent drag reduction by additives refers to the phenomenon that the turbulent friction of a liquid flow in a pipe decreases significantly when high molecular polymer or some kinds of surfactant additives are added to the flow. Studies (experimental study, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and application tests in real systems) over around a half century since its discovery have provided much understanding on the turbulent drag reduction phenomenon and its value in applications. Nevertheless, there are still some aspects which need to be investigated further, for example, the turbulent drag reduction mechanism. The current research status in the field of turbulent drag-reducing flow and heat transfer with polymer or surfactant additives is reviewed in this paper. The characteristics of turbulent drag-reducing flow and heat transfer are summarized in the following aspects: properties of turbulent drag reducers, mechanisms of turbulent drag reduction with additives, mechanisms of convective heat transfer with turbulent drag reduction, and distribution of the velocity and the heat transfer control in drag-reducing flow. Furthermore, the applications of turbulent drag reducers in the industrial systems are discussed. Some new insights on the mechanism of turbulent drag reduction by additives, mechanism of convective heat transfer with drag reduction, are also reviewed.
Keywords:polymer  surfactant  turbulent drag reduction  convective heat transfer  energy saving
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