分子法激光分离同位素中的物理化学气体动力学研究

尽管激光分离同位素(LIS)才出现十几年,但由于其突出优点,受到世界各国的重视,发展极快。其中有大量课题与力学紧密相关,但迄未见到从这两个乍看起来关系不大的学术领域的结合上作出的总结和评述。本文希望填补这一空白。1.激光同位素分离从天然矿物或人工产物中将对人类用处较大的同位素分离出来,对于国民经济和军事应用十分重要。例如,天然矿物中铀235的含量只有约0.7%;而世界 

ON STUDY OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL GAS DYNAMICS IN LASER ISOTOPE SEPARATION

Based on the excellent properties of laser beam, Laser Isotope Separation (LIS) makes high selectivity of excitation and great efficiency of separation feasible. In comparison with the available techniques, LIS needs much less investment capital and energy consumption and has much lower production cost, so thai it is one of important projects in the new technology revolution. Both of Atomic Vapour LIS (AVLIS) and Molecular LIS (MLIS) for uranium have their own advantages and disadvantages. The current wcakpoint of MLIS is the unsufficicnt dcvclopcmcnt of I6|im finely tunable laser and the most important advantages arc from the supersonic expansion technique. It is one of the key problems in MLIS to use the supersonic expansion cooling in order to simplify the molecular spectrum and make the isolopc shift usable. Research subjects on the supersonic flow in MLIS are presented and their importance is pointed out. To study the spectrum of van der Waals molecules and the dynamics of formation and dissociation of them in supersonic flow theoretically and experimentally is quite important and very interesting. Diode laser spcctroscopy might be the best tool to do the measurements.