Global Attractors of Evolutionary Systems

An abstract framework for studying the asymptotic behavior of a dissipative evolutionary system with respect to weak and strong topologies was introduced in Cheskidov and Foias (J Differ Equ 231:714–754, 2006) primarily to study the long-time behavior of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations (NSE) for which the existence of a semigroup of solution operators is not known. Each evolutionary system possesses a global attractor in the weak topology, but does not necessarily in the strong topology. In this paper we study the structure of a global attractor for an abstract evolutionary system, focusing on omega-limits and attracting, invariant, and quasi-invariant sets. We obtain weak and strong uniform tracking properties of omega-limits and global attractors. In addition, we discuss a trajectory attractor for an evolutionary system and derive a condition under which the convergence to the trajectory attractor is strong.