基于统计能量法的铁路客车室内高频噪声预测与控制

建立了某客车卧铺车厢的整车统计能量分析模型,通过施加轮轨噪声源激励载荷对该车室内噪声水平进行了预测,500 Hz～2500 Hz频率范围内SEA模型的计算结果与实测值的误差在4dB(A)以内.通过包厢壁板对内部声腔的功率输入贡献分析,澄清了地板振动是包厢内低频噪声的主要贡献者,缝隙泄漏则是室内高频噪声的主要贡献者.依据对不同类型地板降噪能力的对比分析以及缝隙面积大小对室内噪声的影响分析,对该车经降噪治理后,室内声压级可降低2dB(A)～3.2dB(A).

Statistical energy analysis and control for railway passenger car interior noise

The establishment of a railway passenger car model based on the theory of SEA(statistical energy analysis) is discussed. The interior noise of the car is calculated under the certain power, and the SPL results of the SEA model, and obtain a difference of less than 4dB(A) compared to the test data over the frequency range of 500 Hz~2500 Hz. According to analysis of the main path of the energy flow, the primary contribution to sound pressure level in the car is the floor vibration at low frequency band, and slit leakages at high frequency band. Some effective ways to reduce the car interior noise are put forward with analysis and simulation, and the effects of the different ways are compared. The sound pressure level interior car can be reduced within 2dB(A)~3.2dB(A) after taking noise debasing treatments to the main parts.