水下散体颗粒滑坡产生海啸波的实验研究

海底滑坡海啸作为仅次于地震海啸的重要海啸形态，常常发生于靠近海岸带的陆架和陆坡等区域，且由于其近岸灾害影响显著、物理机制复杂、难以监测和预警等特点，给靠近海岸带的居民造成了巨大的生命财产损失．关于水上滑坡海啸的实验研究相对比较充分，而对水下滑坡海啸和部分淹没滑坡海啸的研究则相对较少．本研究在大型波浪水槽中进行了斜坡上散体水下滑坡激发海啸的机理实验，研究了滑坡体的滑移距离、海啸波的形成过程以及海啸波的幅值、波速、非线性等特征，系统地认识了滑坡体质量、水深以及滑坡角度对滑坡海啸波高的影响规律，并提出了改进的水下滑坡海啸特征参数经验公式．

Experimental Investigation of Tsunami Waves Generated by Submerged Granular Collapse on a Slope

As one of the most important type of tsunamis, the submarine landslide tsunami often occurs in areas such as continental shelf and slope near the coastal zone. Due to its nearshore disaster impact, complex physical mechanism, and difficulty in predicting and early warning, it has caused great loss of life and property to the residents near the coastal zone. The subaerial landslide tsunami was investigated intensively, while the studies on subaqueous landslide tsunami and partially submerged landslide tsunami are relatively few. In this study, a series of experiments of granular subaqueous landslides on slopes is carried out to stimulate wave generation and propagation in a large wave flume. The formation process of tsunami waves and the characteristics of landslides and tsunami waves, such as wave amplitude, wave velocity, wave nonlinearity and runout distance of the landslides are investigated. The influences of landslide mass, water depth and landslide angle on wave height are discussed. The improved predictive equations of evaluating subaqueous landslide tsunami wave amplitudes are developed.