Numerical simulation of trajectory and deformation of bubble in tip vortex

According to the behaviors of a bubble in the ship wake flow, the numerical simulation is divided into two stages, quasi-spherical motion and non-spherical motion, based on whether the bubble is captured by the vortex or not. The one-way coupled particle tracking method (PTM) and the boundary element method (BEM) are adopted to simulate these two stages, respectively. Meanwhile, the initial condition of the second stage is taken as the output of the first one, and the entire simulation is connected and completed. Based on the numerical results and the published experimental data, the cavitation inception is studied, and the wake bubble is tracked. Besides, the split of the bubble captured by the vortex and the following sub-bubbles are simulated, including motion, deformation, and collapse. The results provide some insights into the control on wake bubbles and optimization of the wake flow.