矿用防冲吸能支护构件的数值分析与实验研究

煤矿冲击地压会造成围岩剧烈震动、变形或突发破坏,从而对支护体产生破坏性冲击作用。基于快速吸能让位防冲击支护理念,研制了一种具有特殊形状的防冲击吸能支护构件,可应用于巷道防冲吸能液压支架中。其机理在于利用构件的快速变形让位与吸能过程,缓解支架受到的超额冲击,保护支架不受损坏,从而防止支护体系以及巷道围岩的失稳破坏。文中提出了吸能构件的承载力与吸能量简化公式,采用Abaqus软件计算分析了构件参数设置的可靠性,得到了理想的力-位移曲线、吸能量曲线和屈曲变形模态,并通过实验室准静态压溃试验进行了一定的验证,试验得到吸能构件承载力达2660kN,吸能量达375.56kJ,与预期值非常接近。此构件的设计与研制,为支架的现场应用以及进一步的优化设计提供了一定的参考依据。

Numerical Analysis and Experimental Study of a Coal Mine Anti-Impact and Energy-Absorption Supporting Component

Coal mine rockbrust may cause severe vibration, deformation or sudden destruction for surrounding rock, thereby may produce devastating impact action on supporting body. Based on the ideas of quick energy absorption and displacement anti-impact, a kind of anti-impact, energy-absorption component with special shape was developed and was applied to roadway hydraulic support. The mechanism of the component is to alleviate the over impact applied to support based on quick deformation displacement and energy absorption of component. It protects support from damage, thereby prevents instability destruction of roadway supporting system. A simplified formula relating bearing capacity of energy absorption component and energy-absorbing amount is put forward in this paper. The reliability of component parameter setting was calculated and analyzed by Abaqus software. Ideal force-displacement curve, energy-absorbing amount curve and buckling mode were obtained, and verified by quasi-static compression experiment in laboratory. Experimentally obtained the bearing capacity is up to 2660kN, the energy-absorbing amount is up to 375.56kJ, that is very close to the expected value. The design and development of this component provide certain reference for optimization design of support.