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植被作用下的复式河槽流速分布特性
引用本文:杨克君,刘兴年,曹叔尤,拾兵,张之湘.植被作用下的复式河槽流速分布特性[J].力学学报,2006,38(2):246-250.
作者姓名:杨克君  刘兴年  曹叔尤  拾兵  张之湘
作者单位:成都四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,610065
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(50579040,50579041),国家973计划(2003CB415202)资助项目.
摘    要:通过水槽试验,探讨了不同滩地植物 (乔木、灌木和野草) 对复式河槽流速分布的影响. 详细地介绍试验过程及三维流速仪ADV的测量原理. 试验时, 选塑料吸管、鸭毛和塑料大草分别模拟乔木、灌木和野草. 同时,考虑了流量、床面底坡对 流速分布的影响. 试验结果表明,滩地未种树的复式河槽在大的相对水深时,流速满足对数 分布;滩地种树后,主槽流速增大,流速分布复杂,滩地流速减小,呈 S 形分布,不同植物的S 形分布是不同的. 这种S 型分布将水流划分为3个区的复杂行为,每区的范围与水深,垂线位置和植物类型有关. 床面坡度对流速分布的影响非常明显

关 键 词:复式河槽  滩地种树  流速分布  植物类型
文章编号:0459-1879(2006)02-0246-05
收稿时间:2004-12-14
修稿时间:2005-12-20

Velocity distribution in compound channels with vegetated floodplains
Yang Kejun,Liu Xingnian,Cao Shuyou,Shi Bing,Zhang Zhixiang.Velocity distribution in compound channels with vegetated floodplains[J].chinese journal of theoretical and applied mechanics,2006,38(2):246-250.
Authors:Yang Kejun  Liu Xingnian  Cao Shuyou  Shi Bing  Zhang Zhixiang
Institution:State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, China
Abstract:The authors experimentally studied the velocity distribution of flows in different types of vegetations such as arbors, shrubs and grass. The experimental procedures and the principle of ADV for measuring the local velocities are described in detail. For vegetations on the floodplain, the authors chose plastic grass, duck feathers and plastic straws as model grass, model shrubs and model arbors, respectively. ADV was used to measure the local flow velocities for different types of vegetation on the floodplain, discharges and flume slopes. All measured streamwise velocities follow a logarithmic distribution for non-vegetated floodplain, and obey S-shaped distribution for vegetated floodplain. The S-shaped distribution divides the flow into three regions. The range of every region is related to the flow depth, lateral location and vegetation type. For different types of vegetation, the S-shaped distribution is different. In the meantime, it is found that the velocity in the main channel increases and that on the floodplain decreases after the floodplain is vegetated. The increasing or decreasing degree is related to vegetation type. Furthermore, the influences of bed slope on local velocity distribution for different types of vegetation are distinct.
Keywords:compound channels  vegetated floodplain  velocity distribution  vegetation type
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