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中国21世纪若干重大工程地质与环境问题
引用本文:伍法权.中国21世纪若干重大工程地质与环境问题[J].力学学报,2001,9(2):115-120.
作者姓名:伍法权
作者单位:中国地质学会工程地质专业委员会,北京100029
摘    要:21世纪中国的大规模的国家建设不可避免地导致大量的工程地质与环境问题。 2 1世纪中国西部高山峡谷地区主要工程地质问题有: 构造活动带岩土体动力稳定性, 高地应力下岩体应变储能与岩体性质, 高陡边坡的变形及尺寸效应和动力稳定性, 深埋长大隧洞的地温与地压, 深埋隧洞岩体结构探测与施工地质超前预报, 大跨度复杂洞群变形与稳定性的群洞效应, 冻土的冻融变形、稳定性及其处理技术, 可溶岩岩溶规律与岩体利用问题, 河床深厚覆盖层的处理与利用等问题; 中国东部及沿海地区工程地质问题包括: 高速交通网建设中软土地基变形与稳定性及处理技术, 深井采矿中软岩巷道大变形与处理技术, 深厚松散堆积层上大型桥梁桥基变形与稳定性, 海底隧道围岩工程地质与水文地质问题, 城市多层地下空间开发中的工程地质问题等; 此外, 水土流失与北方大规模荒漠化问题, 黄河下游地上悬河与长江下游塌岸和堤防稳定性问题, 黄河断流引起的下游地区环境问题, 我国北方干旱地区水资源长期匮乏问题, 城市化中的环境破坏与污染控制等问题, 将是中国 2 1世纪突出的环境问题。中国工程地质工作者应当在结构土力学与岩体结构力学、工程地质学的基本理论与工程地质动力学、人 地相互作用机制与环境工程地质学、地质工程理论与方法。

关 键 词:21世纪  中国  重大工程地质与环境问题
收稿时间:2000-11-20
修稿时间:2001-02-20

MAJOR ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN CHINA IN 21ST CENTURY
WU Faquan.MAJOR ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN CHINA IN 21ST CENTURY[J].chinese journal of theoretical and applied mechanics,2001,9(2):115-120.
Authors:WU Faquan
Institution:Engineering Geology Commission, China Geological Socity, Beijing 100029
Abstract:It is pointed that large scale construction in China in the 21th century will lead to a lot of engineering geological and environmental problems inevitably; Engineering geology of the 21th century is in China. In the 21 century, the major engineering geological problems in the mountain areas of western China are: dynamic stability of rock soil mass in tectonically active region, strain energy storage and behavior of rock mass under high stress, scale effect of deformation of high steep slope and its dynamic stability, temperature and pressure of rock mass at the location of deeply buried long tunnels, rock mass structure detection and advanced geological prediction for construction of deeply buried tunnel, interaction of deformation and stability of large and complex excavation group, freeze and thaw deformation, stability of frozen earth and their treatment, karst distribution regularities and use of weak solution rock mass, treatment and utilization of thick overburden on river bed. etc. Engineering geological subjects in the eastern China and the coastal region are, deformation and stability of soft foundation and its treatment in construction of high speed traffic network, large scale deformation and its treatment of deeply mining tunnel in soft rock, foundation deformation and stability of large bridge piers in thick loose deposits, engineering geological and hydro geological problems of submarine tunnel, engineering geological problems of underground space development in urban area. Besides, major environmental problems are: water loss and soil frosion and regional desertization in northern China, suspended river in lower Yellow River and bank caving and stability in lower Yangtse River, environmental problem caused by cut off of lower Yellow River, short of water resource in dry climate region of northern China, environmental deteriortion pollution control in process of urbanization. Chinese engineering geologists should promote the theoretical research on the following aspects and develop the Chinese engineering geology: structural soil mechanics and structural mechanics of rock mass, fundamental principles of engineering geology and engineering geological dynamics, mechanism of inter action between human being and the earth and environmental engineering geology, theory, methodology,and techniques of geological engineering.
Keywords:th century  China  Major engineering geological and environmental subjects
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