汾渭盆地地裂缝成因研究中的若干关键问题

汾渭盆地是我国地裂缝发育最强烈的地区,地裂缝类型多样,成因复杂。本文概述了汾渭盆地地裂缝的分布规律,分析了目前汾渭盆地地裂缝成因研究中存在的主要问题,重点围绕构造型地裂缝的成因问题,提出如下研究思路:通过多学科联合手段,重点研究汾渭盆地地裂缝灾害的分布规律及其与活动构造的分布关系与成生联系,建立构造地裂缝的地质结构模型;将现代物理数值模拟技术与高精度观测技术相结合,分析研究构造活动启动地裂缝灾害的力学机理以及构造作用与抽水作用耦合致裂机理;以GPS观测资料为约束,将汾渭盆地地裂缝的成生与青藏、华北大陆变形的动力学过程联系起来,研究该区地裂缝与现今中国大陆动力学的内在联系,揭示大陆驱动力产生地质灾害的动力学机制与模式。

SOME KEY QUESTIONS IN THE FORMATION OF GROUND FISSURES IN THE FEN-WEI BASIN

The Fen-Wei basin is the most serious area of the ground fissure formation in China.This paper summarizes the distribution regularity of ground fissures in the basin.It analyses several key questions in the formation of ground fissures and emphasizes the origin of geotectonic ground fissures,puts forward some research ways as follows.By multi-disciplinary method,the distribution regularity of ground fissures and the relations to active tectonics are researched,and the tectonic ground fissures’ geological structural model is built.Through the modern numerical simulation with the high-precision observation techniques,the mechanical mechanics of ground fissures started by tectonization as well as the coupling rupture mechanics of tectonization and pumping actions are studied.Based on the observation data from GPS,the formation of the ground fissures on Qinghai-Tibet continent and the continent in north China,the intrinsic relations between regional ground fissures and the Chinese continental dynamics are studied,and the mechanism and model of continental drive force and the geological hazard are disclosed.