表面残余应力的仪器化压入检测方法研究进展

针对表面残余应力的仪器化压入检测方法, 阐释利用压入方式检测残余应力的基本原理及其力学机制, 梳理建立残余应力压入检测方法的常用技术路线, 结合残余应力压入检测方法的不同分类, 着重分析6种代表性压入检测方法的优势与局限, 讨论验证压入检测方法可靠性的常用方法, 最后总结残余应力压入检测方法的研究进展, 展望未来的发展趋势为建立无需参考试样一体化检测材料力学参数和非等轴残余应力的仪器化压入分析方法, 探讨建立方法的四个研究要领, 即机制清楚、分析可靠、技术可行、结果可信. 仪器化压入检测技术是郑哲敏先生晚年的研究兴趣之一, 作者在中科院力学所工作期间曾受到郑哲敏先生的热切关注和提问式激励, 谨以此文纪念郑哲敏先生逝世周年. 

PROGRESS IN INSTRUMENTED INDENTATION METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF SURFACE RESIDUAL STRESS

By reviewing the instrumented indentation methods for determination of surface residual stress, the basic principle and mechanism for measuring residual stress by instrumented indentation was first expounded. The technical route for establishment of instrumented indentation methods for residual stress determination was also summarized. According to the classification of these methods, six representative instrumented indentation methods were discussed in detail to find out their corresponding advantages and limitations. Then, four commonly used stress-generating jigs to verify the reliability of instrumented indentation methods for residual stress determination were illustrated. Finally, the progress in instrumented indentation methods for surface residual stress determination was summarized. It was concluded that the future goal is to establish an instrumented indentation method for determining the mechanical parameters and non-equibiaxial residual stresses simultaneously without using stress-free reference samples. To establish such method, four research essentials, i.e., clear examination mechanism, reliable analysis process, technical feasibility, and reliable results, were discussed.