聚能装药对混凝土靶板的侵彻研究

系统开展了不同药型罩材料、不同锥角、不同壁厚的聚能装药在不同炸高下侵彻混凝土试验, 研究了罩材料、锥角、壁厚、炸高等结构参数对漏斗坑直径、侵彻孔洞直径、漏斗坑深度以及侵彻深度等参数的影响规律;应用空腔膨胀理论计算了混凝土靶体阻力, 采用改进的伯努利方程和两阶段空腔膨胀理论获得了混凝土靶板在侵彻体作用下的侵彻深度和孔洞直径, 理论结果与试验结果基本吻合;基于AUTODYN 软件平台, 采用与试验一致的聚能装药结构, 开展了57 种工况下侵彻体成形过程的数值模拟研究, 并对其中典型工况的侵彻混凝土过程进行了数值模拟, 计算所得孔洞直径和侵彻深度与试验结果吻合较好, 在此基础上深入探讨了聚能装药作用下混凝土漏斗坑的形成机理, 分析表明, 铝药型罩的开坑机理不同于钢和铜药型罩.

INVESTIGATION ON SHAPED CHARGE PENETRATING INTO CONCRETE TARGETS

Experiments for penetration into concrete by shaped charges with different liner materials, different cone angles, different liner thicknesses at different standoffs were performed in this paper. The influences of liner material, cone angle, liner thickness and standoff on crater diameter, hole diameter, crater depth and penetration depth were analyzed. Resistance of concrete target was calculated using the cavity expansion theory; penetration depth and hole diameter were predicted using the modified Bernoulli's equation and two-phase cavity expansion theory, and the theoretical results are consistent with the experimental ones. The formation processes of 57 different shaped charge penetrators with AUTODYN software were simulated, and the penetration processes into concrete for several typical shaped charge penetrators were also simulated. The simulation results of hole diameter and penetration depth are in good agreement with the experimental ones. Mechanism of crater formation under the action of shaped charge was investigated, which indicates that the mechanism of crater formation for aluminum liner is different from that for steel and copper liner.