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非线性振动能量俘获技术的若干进展
引用本文:杨涛,周生喜,曹庆杰,张文明,陈立群.非线性振动能量俘获技术的若干进展[J].力学学报,2021,53(11):2894-2909.
作者姓名:杨涛  周生喜  曹庆杰  张文明  陈立群
作者单位:*.西北工业大学力学与土木建筑学院, 西安 710072
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(12002272, 2021M692642, 12072267和11732006)
摘    要:随着工程中低功耗电子设备和自供能无线传感网络的迅速发展, 使得振动能量俘获在航空航天工程、机械工程、生物医学工程和可持续能源工程等领域得到了广泛地应用. 振动能量俘获不仅可以将振动能转化为可用的电能为微电子设备供电, 还能减少有害振动保护仪器设备. 根据振动能量不同转换机制, 可以将振动能量俘获系统分为静电式、电磁式、压电式、磁致伸缩式、摩擦起电式以及它们的混合式. 其中压电和电磁振动能量转化机制由于结构简单、容易组装、能量转换性能高等优点, 已被广泛应用于各种工程领域中. 受极端环境干扰, 工程中容易出现宽带、低频等振动, 迫使振动能量俘获技术向非线性方向迅猛发展, 进一步吸引了诸多学者对振动能量俘获系统的结构和电路进行优化设计研究. 本文首先综述了非线性振动能量俘获技术近十年来的研究进展, 主要包括设计技术基础、非线性结构设计、动力学分析等方面的研究现状. 其次, 重点阐述了振动能量俘获与振动抑制一体化的主要研究成果, 包括非线性准零刚度和非线性能量汇在振动能量俘获领域的应用. 最后, 总结了振动能量俘获外接电路和主动控制策略的优化设计, 分析了进一步提升非线性振动能量俘获效能的有效方法. 

关 键 词:能量俘获    非线性设计    动力学特征    一体化    性能提升策略
收稿时间:2021-09-15

SOME ADVANCES IN NONLINEAR VIBRATION ENERGY HARVESTING TECHNOLOGY
Abstract:With the rapid development of low-power electronic equipment and self-powered wireless sensor networks in engineering, vibration energy harvesting has been widely used in aerospace engineering, mechanical engineering, biomedical engineering, and sustainable energy engineering. Vibration energy harvesting can not only convert vibration energy into usable electrical energy to power microelectronic equipment, but also reduce harmful vibrations to protect instruments and equipment. According to the different conversion mechanisms of vibration energy, the vibration energy harvesting system can be divided into electrostatic type, electromagnetic type, piezoelectric type, magnetostrictive type, triboelectric type and their hybrid type. Among them, piezoelectric and electromagnetic vibration energy conversion mechanisms have been widely used in various engineering fields due to their simple structure, easy assembly, and high energy conversion performance. Due to extreme environmental interference, broadband, low frequency and other vibrations are easy to occur in the engineering. It forces the rapid development of vibration energy harvesting technology in the direction of nonlinearity, which further attracts many scholars to study the optimal design of the structure and circuit of vibration energy harvesting. Firstly, this article summarizes the research progress of nonlinear vibration energy harvesting technology in the past ten years. It mainly includes the research status of design technology basis, nonlinear structure design, dynamic analysis and so on. Secondly, it focuses on the main research results of the integration of vibration energy harvesting and vibration suppression, including the application of nonlinear quasi-zero stiffness and nonlinear energy sink in the field of vibration energy harvesting. Finally, the optimized design of external vibration energy harvesting circuit and active control strategy are summarized, and effective methods to further improve the efficiency of nonlinear vibration energy harvesting are analyzed. 
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