一种求解瞬态热传导方程的无条件稳定方法

瞬态热传导问题普遍存在于航空航天、土木和冶金等领域中, 对这类问题精确、高效的数值求解方法一直备受关注. 为此, 本文提出了一种无条件稳定的单步时间积分方法. 在所提出的方法中, 拉格朗日插值函数被用来近似真实的温度场及其一次导数场, 之后, 加权残量法被用来建立二者之间的关系. 通过对算法参数的巧妙设计, 本文提出的方法具有二阶精度和L型数值耗散, 其中, L型耗散使得本文方法能够快速过滤掉虚假的高频振荡. 多数现有时间积分方法仅对线性系统具有无条件稳定性, 对非线性系统则是条件稳定的. 为此, 本文改进了Hughes针对一阶非线性热传导问题提出的时间积分方法稳定性评估理论, 并将改进的理论用于方法的参数设计中. 理论分析的结果表明本文方法对线性和非线性热传导系统均是无条件稳定的. 即使对于著名的Crank-Nicolson方法失稳的非线性热传导问题, 本文方法仍能给出稳定且精确的预测. 数值测试结果显示, 所提出的方法相较于当前流行的方法具有明显的精度、耗散和稳定性优势. 

AN UNCONDITIONALLY STABLE METHOD FOR TRANSIENT HEAT CONDUCTION

Time-dependent transient heat conduction problems are widely encountered in aerospace, civil engineering, metallurgical engineering, etc., and for such problems, accurate and fast numerical approaches have always attracted attention in the past decades. To achieve this goal, this paper proposes an unconditionally stable single-step time integration method for general transient heat conduction systems. In the proposed method, the temperature vector and its time derivative are formulated independently by the Langrage interpolation function, and then the relation between the temperature vector and its time derivative is defined with the weighted residual method. Theoretical analysis, including convergence rate and amplification factor, illustrates that the proposed method is strictly second-order accurate for the temperature vector and its time derivative, and it has the strong algorithmic dissipation (L-dissipation), meaning that it can quickly filter out the unwanted numerical oscillations in the high-frequency range. At present, most existing time integration methods, such as the Crank-Nicolson method and the Galerkin method, are unconditionally stable for linear transient heat conduction systems, but they are conditionally stable for nonlinear ones. To this end, this work improved the stability analysis theory for nonlinear transient heat conduction systems proposed by Hughes and used the improved stability analysis theory to design the free parameters of the proposed method. Because of this reason, the proposed method is unconditionally stable for both linear and nonlinear transient heat conduction problems. Due to the desirable algorithmic stability, the proposed method can still provide accurate and stable predictions for nonlinear transient heat conduction problems where the excellent Crank-Nicolson method fails. Some linear and nonlinear transient heat conduction problems are solved in this paper, and the results of these problems show that compared to the currently popular time integration methods, such as the Crank-Nicolson method and the backward difference formula, the proposed method enjoys noticeable advantages in accuracy, dissipation and stability.