防护板尺寸对Whipple防护结构撞击损伤影响的实验研究

通过高速撞击实验，探讨了采用小尺寸防护板的可行性。实验中采用的Whipple结构由尺寸变化的1 mm厚防护板（前板）和尺寸固定的3 mm厚舱壁板（后板）组成，防护板与舱壁板间隔10 cm。防护板为边长分别为8、12、16和20 cm的方形2A12铝合金板，舱壁板为边长为20 cm的方形5A06铝合金板。实验过程中均采用直径为4 mm的铝合金球形弹丸，撞击速度为1.45~1.71 km/s。实验结果表明:Whipple防护结构在舱壁板被击穿的概率大于0.8的条件下和击穿概率为0的条件下的极限速度以及舱壁板临界击穿条件下的速度都与防护板尺寸无关；并且，防护板前后表面击穿孔的直径及击穿孔侧壁的倾斜角也与防护板尺寸无关；但是，在速度相同的条件下随着板尺寸的增大，防护板板面的最大挠度增大，而且，防护板挠曲面的凸凹方向也由单一的凹向变成凸凹方向交替出现;随着速度的增加和板尺寸的增大，防护板最大挠度的增量减小。

Effects of bumper lateral size on high-velocity impact damage to Whipple shield

On the non-powder two-stage light gas gun facilities, high-velocity impact experiments were carried out to analyze the effects of bumper lateral size on the damage to Whipple shield and explore the feasibility of using bumper whose size is smaller than that of rear wall on Whipple shield in high-velocity impact tests.The configuration of Whipple shields consisted of 1-mm-thickness bumpers and 3-mm-thickness rear wall with 10-cm space between the bumper and the rear wall. The bumpers were 2A12 aluminum square plates with different side lines such as 8, 12, 16 and 20 cm. The rear wall was 5A06 Aluminum square plate with 20-cm side lines. All tests were performed by shooting aluminum projectile 4 mm in diameter at the velocity ranging from 1.45 to 1.71 km/s. Test results show that the mean velocity of 6 projectiles impacting on the Whipple shields is independent of bumper size when the perforation percentage of rear wall was over 80. It is found that the diameters of perforation holes both in front and in back of bumper are independent of bumper size too. However, the deflection on the bumper surface is dependent on bumper size obviously.