惰性粉体对油页岩粉尘爆炸火焰的抑制性能和作用机理研究

为了研究惰性粉体对油页岩粉尘爆炸火焰的抑制性能和作用机理，利用粉尘爆炸火焰传播测试系统，选取了五种常用惰性粉体和两种不同油页岩粉尘进行了爆炸火焰抑制实验。通过对爆炸火焰长度、最低惰化比和火焰形态结构的分析，结合惰性粉体的TG-DTG-DSC热特性曲线，系统研究了惰性粉体对油页岩粉尘爆炸火焰的抑制性能和作用机理。研究结果表明，惰性粉体对两种油页岩粉尘爆炸火焰的抑制性能优劣排序为:ABC干粉＞Al(OH)₃＞Mg(OH)₂＞NaHCO₃>岩粉，且两种惰性粉体均对桦甸油页岩（HDOS）的抑爆性能优于龙口油页岩（LKOS）；本文建立了惰性粉体对油页岩粉尘爆炸火焰的抑制机理物理模型，并分析了作用机理，通过作用机理分析表明:高效抑爆粉体应具有热稳定性较好（分解温度在200～400 ℃），吸热量大，且分解中间态产物能够与燃烧反应活性自由基相结合发挥化学抑制作用等特点。

Study on the inhibitory property and mechanism of inert powder on dust explosion flame of oil shale

In order to study the inhibitory property and mechanism of inert powder on dust explosion flame in oil shale, five common inert powder and two types of oil shale were selected for the explosion flame inhibition experiment by using the dust explosion flame propagation test system. First, a high-speed camera was used to record the flame image during the inhibition of oil shale dust explosion by inert powder, and the differences in explosion flame length, minimum inerting ratio and flame morphology and structure were analyzed in detail. Then, the thermal decomposition and endothermic characteristics of the inert powder were tested by Thermogravimetric-Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG-DSC), and the TG-DTG-DSC thermal characteristic curve of the inert powder was analyzed. Combined with the analysis of the inhibition effect of the inert powder in the preheating zone and the combustion flame zone, the inhibitory property and the mechanism of the inert powder on the oil shale dust explosion flame were systematically studied. The research results show that the inhibitory performance of inert powder to the explosion flame of two kinds of oil shale dust is ranked as: ABC dry powder ＞Al(OH)₃＞Mg(OH)₂＞NaHCO₃＞rock powder, and their explosion inhibition performance against Huadian oil shale (HDOS) is better than that of Longkou oil shale (LKOS). In this paper, the physical model of the inhibition mechanism of inert powder on the explosion flame of oil shale dust is established and the inhibition mechanism is analyzed. Through the mechanism analysis, it is shown that the high-efficiency explosive inhibition powder should have good thermal stability (decomposition temperature around 200?400 ℃), high heat absorption, and the decomposition of intermediate products can combine with the combustion reactive radical to play a chemical inhibition effect. The research results can provide theoretical basis and basis for the design of explosion inhibition of oil shale dust and the development of explosive inhibition powder.