箱型结构内部爆炸破坏研究进展

结构内部爆炸破坏机理和规律是常规武器毁伤效能预测与评估、建筑物和舰船抗爆防护设计的重要支撑。基于结构内爆炸载荷、内部爆炸作用下结构塑性响应、内部爆炸作用下箱壁结构破坏模式、内部爆炸作用下多箱型结构破坏模式和分布四个方面详细论述了箱型结构内部爆炸破坏的研究现状及存在的问题，并对内部爆炸后续研究给出了建议。建议研究并建立更加复杂的结构内部爆炸载荷和破坏效应描述模型、内部爆炸作用下箱壁的动力响应机理、多箱型结构与内部爆炸波产生的耦合效应、内部爆炸作用下结构的破坏模式和破坏范围的快速准确预测方法等。

A review on internal blast damage effects of multi-box type structures

The damage mechanisms of structures under internal blast are important for the prediction and evaluation of damage effects of conventional weapons and the design of anti-explosion structures of buildings and ships. The researches status and existing problems are discussed in this paper, based on the following four aspects as the internal explosion loads on structures, the plastic responses of structures to internal explosion loads, the damage modes of box-wall structures under internal explosion loads, and the damage modes and distribution of multi-box structures under internal explosion loads. With respect to an internal blast load, it is recognized that the blast model can be divided into dynamic high-pressure stage and quasi-static pressure stage. The former is formed by the initial shock wave and reflection wave while the latter is mainly composed of expansion of detonation gas and chemical energy released by explosion. In regard to the plastic response of the structure under the internal blast load, the studies have shown that quasi-static pressure plays an important role in the response process. With respect to the damage mode of the internal blast loaded structure, the damage mode is greatly affected by the pressure relief mode and pressure relief speed, studies on the damage modes of the beam and plate were introduced. As regards the damage mode and distribution of multi-box structures under the internal blast load, the internal explosion damage of the metal box structure of ships was mainly introduced. Most of the current researches focus on the damage features and there is rarely systematic understanding and analysis for the damagemechanisms. Through the review of the research on the damage and damage of the structures under the internal blast load, suggestions are provided for further researches on: (1) the models to describe the internal explosion loads on more complex structures and the corresponding damage effects; (2) the mechanisms of dynamic response of the box walls to internal blast load; (3) the coupling effect of multi-box structures with internal explosion waves and detonation products; (4) the methods to quickly and accurately predict the damage mode, damage range and damage degree of structures under internal explosion loads.