长杆弹超高速侵彻半无限混凝土靶实验研究及开坑分析

随着超高速动能武器的发展，长杆弹超高速侵彻混凝土靶机理成为当前的研究热点。为了探究长杆弹超高速侵彻混凝土靶的侵彻机理和开坑规律，本文中开展了TU1铜、Q235钢两类长杆弹以初速度1.8～2.4 km/s正侵彻强度26.5、42.1 MPa混凝土靶的超高速实验。结合文献和本文中的实验数据，对开坑直径和开坑体积进行量纲分析，基于开坑截面的弓形形貌几何关系，得到了开坑深度预测公式。结果表明:靶面开坑尺寸明显大于中低速侵彻时的靶面开坑尺寸，在分析侵彻机理的过程中不能忽略开坑阶段；弹体发生严重的长度缩短，直至最后完全侵蚀，弹洞半径明显大于弹体半径，说明长杆弹超高速侵彻半无限混凝土靶属于半流体侵彻机制。另外，在超高速侵彻条件下:弹体长度是影响侵彻深度的最主要参数；侵彻深度随弹体长度和密度的增大而增大，受弹体强度影响不大。

Experiment research and crater analysis of long rodhypervelocity penetration into concrete

With the development of hypervelocity kinetic energy weapons, the mechanism of long rod hypervelocity penetration into concrete target was a research highlight. To study the penetration mechanism and the crater law of long rod hypervelocity penetration into concrete, two kinds of long rods, TU1 and Q235, hypervelocity penetration into concrete with initial velocity of 1.8?2.4 km/s were experimented. Dimensional analyses of crater diameter and crater volume were performed based on the experiment data from this paper and references. Prediction formula of crater depth was derived from the bowl shape contour of crater section. The crater size of hypervelocity penetration was obviously larger than that of low and medium velocity penetration, and so the crater phase was non-negligible during the penetration mechanism researches. The length of the long rod was severely shortened until the long rod was completely eroded, the radius of the hole was obviously larger than that of long rod, and these results can be used to verify that the mechanism of long rod hypervelocity penetration into concrete was semi-fluid penetration. At the same time, it can be seen from the experimental results that the length of the long rod was the most important parameter affecting the penetration depth. The penetration depth increased with the increase of the length and density of the projectile, but was not affected by the strength of the long rod.