舷侧近距离爆炸下舱段模型毁伤试验研究

为探究舷侧近距离爆炸对水面舰船的毁伤效应，设计了大尺度舱段模型，并开展了舷侧近距离水下爆炸试验，试验后测量了舱段模型破坏范围及破坏模式、模型典型部位冲击环境数据、典型部位动态响应。综合对比可发现:（1）舷侧近距离水下爆炸下，在爆心区域可对舱段模型形成严重毁伤破坏，但毁伤范围有限，基本以局部破坏为主；（2）舷侧近距离水下爆炸下可形成较为明显的水射流载荷，主要是由气泡与非完整边界、自由面在耦合过程中形成的，与传统研究的气泡收缩失稳引起的水射流载荷形成机理存在一定的差异；（3）基于板格能量计算方法，建立了舷侧外近距离爆炸下舷侧爆炸破口计算公式，与试验结果吻合较好；（4）近距离爆炸下，舷侧外板的破坏模式与爆距存在较大的关系。本文的研究成果对舰船抗爆防护具有很强的指导意义。

Experimental research on damaging characteristics of cabin model attacking from shipboard direction under close-in underwater explosion

In order to explore the damage and failure model of warship under close-in underwater explosion from shipboard direction attacting, a cabin model was designed and applied to close-in underwater explosion experiments. The results including demolishing regions of cabin model, shock environment data from typical positions, together with strain datas were acquired. It was indicated that: (1) Only the regions around the charge suffered serious damage, majorly characterized by the local damage model; (2) Water jetting phenomenon was found in this experiment, but the mechanism responsible for the formation of water jetting was quite different from traditional one induced by the bubble collapsing. The reasons may be due to the coupling interactions between bubble movement and incomplete boundary and free surface; (3) The crevasse calculation based on energy method was built. The calculated results were in good agreement with the experimental results; (4) The distance of charge had an important influence on the failure model of shipboard plate.