比色测温技术在瞬态爆炸温度场测量中的应用研究

为了研究瞬态爆炸温度场分布规律，基于高速相机、黑体辐射理论、图像传感器的拜尔阵列和自编python代码，构建了依据比色测温原理的高速二维温度测试系统，并对添加不同含量TiH₂的乳化炸药、TiH₂粉尘以及C₂H₂气体的爆炸温度场进行了测量。实验结果表明:TiH₂的加入可以显著提高炸药的爆炸温度和火球持续时间，当乳化炸药中的TiH₂质量分数为6%时，爆炸平均温度最大值为3048 K，相比纯乳化炸药提高了41.5%；此外，TiH₂粉尘云火焰平均温度呈现先增大，再稳定，最后减小的趋势，浓度为500 g/m3的粉尘云火焰平均温度高于浓度为833 g/m3的平均温度，其最高平均温度分别为2231 和 2192 K；10%C₂H₂/90%空气预混气体（即体积分数为10%的C₂H₂和90%空气组成）的早期火焰温度均匀，内部略低于边缘温度，随着火焰膨胀，火焰边缘温度逐渐升高，火焰平均温度开始降低。与传统爆炸测温手段相比，比色测温方法可以准确测量某区域的瞬态爆炸温度，获得温度分布云图，为研究瞬态爆轰温度规律及影响因素提供了一种新的技术手段。

Application of colorimetric pyrometer in the measurement of transient explosion temperature

To study the distribution law of transient explosion temperature field, a high-speed two-dimensional temperature measuring system according to the colorimetric temperature measurement principle was constructed using a high-speed camera, the gray-body radiation principle, Bayer array of the image sensor, and a self-compiled python code. The relationship between the gray value of high-speed camera image and explosion temperature was deduced. And the Bayer filter of the image sensor was used to obtain the intensity information of red, green, and blue light on each pixel, which was calculated through Python code with the edge adaptive interpolation algorithm. A tungsten filament lamp was selected as the temperature source for calibration. The explosion temperature fields of emulsion explosives with different TiH₂ powder contents, TiH₂ dust, and C₂H₂ gas were measured by the system. The experimental results show that the addition of TiH₂ powders could significantly increase the explosion temperature and fireball duration of emulsion explosives. When the mass content of TiH₂ powders in emulsion explosive is 6%, the maximum average temperature of the explosion is 3048 K, a 41.5% increase than that of pure emulsion explosive. In addition, the average flame temperature of the TiH₂ dust cloud increases first, then stabilizes, and finally decreases. The mean flame temperature of the 500 g/m3 dust is higher than that of 833 g/m3 dust, with the corresponding maximum mean temperatures of 2231 and 2192 K, respectively. The early flame temperature distribution of the premixed 10% C₂H₂/90% air was uniform, with the internal temperature slightly lower than the edge temperature. As the flame expands, the flame edge temperature gradually increases, while the average flame temperature begins to decrease, and the maximum average temperature is 2523 K. Compared with the traditional explosion temperature measurement method, the colorimetric pyrometer method can accurately measure the transient explosion temperature in a certain region and obtain the temperature distribution cloud map, which provided a new technical means for studying transient detonation temperature and its influencing factors.