水及盛水容器对近距离爆炸载荷影响的实验研究

为研究用水包围炸药的方式对爆炸载荷的作用机理，在两端开口的钢筒内进行了水直接包覆炸药的爆炸实验，利用光纤位移干涉仪获取了钢筒外壁的径向速度和动态变形。结果表明:不同于无水爆炸，爆轰产物通过水的“裂缝”在空气中形成冲击波，造成该冲击波出现时间更晚、强度更低、持续时间更长，并要求相应的数值模拟采用二维以上的计算模型；盛水结构的材料密度越低、厚度越小对爆炸载荷的影响越小。

Experimental study for effects of water and its container on explosion loading near explosive

To explore the mitigating mechanism of detonation of a high explosive surrounded by water, experiments of explosion with and without water were carried out in an open-ended steel cylinder. The particle velocity and the displacement of the outer surface of the cylinder were obtained by an optical-fiber displacement interferometer. The results indicate that shock wave will not be formed in air by the product of detonation until the water surrounding the product is separated to a fissure, which causes the later appearance and lower magnitude of shock wave with a longer duration compared with an explosion without water. It means that two-dimensional or three-dimensional numerical models are required to conduct the simulations of explosions with water. It is also observed that the augment of blast load decreases with the decrease of the density of the water container as well as its thickness.