柴油舱组集中透气管燃爆危险性及阻隔防爆技术

对常温常压下柴油舱组集中透气管中柴油蒸汽的燃爆危险性以及阻隔防爆技术的抑爆效能开展了实验研究。利用nac HX-3高速相机和CY-YD-205压力传感器记录燃爆传播过程和爆炸超压，阻隔防爆装置分别采用新型抑爆小球和普通波纹型阻火器。结果表明:常温常压下，一旦柴油油舱发生爆炸，爆炸火球可以通过透气管传播到相邻油舱，并引起二次爆炸，具有较大的危险性；普通波纹型阻火器在爆炸过程中阻火失效，而新型抑爆小球具有较好的抑爆效果；相对于光滑透气管工况，在点火舱上方安装抑爆小球后，被点火舱内的最大爆炸超压可以显著地从552.5 kPa降低到35.0 kPa；抑爆小球的中空多孔结构是其阻隔防爆的关键，多孔结构不仅可以增大比表面积、扩大热损失，而且还可以有效地分割削弱反应面。

Explosion hazard in the concentrated ventilation tube for a group of diesel tanks and its suppression technologies

In this study, the explosion hazard and suppression technology were investigated in a concentrated ventilation tube filled with diesel fuel under room temperature and environmental pressure. A high-speed camera (model: nac HX-3) and pressure sensors (model: CY-YD-205) were used to record the flame picture and explosion overpressure. New explosion suppression balls and an ordinary corrugated flame arrester were employed as explosion suppression apparatuses. The results indicate that the explosion flame can propagate into the adjacent fuel tank through the ventilation tube under room temperature and environmental pressure, causing the second explosion. In addition, the ordinary corrugated flame arrester fails to suppress explosion, and the new explosion suppression balls have better anti-explosion effect. Compared to the case of a smooth ventilation tube, the maximum explosion overpressure can be significantly decreased from about 552.5 kPa to 35.0 kPa in the ignited chamber after the new explosion suppression balls are introduced into the tube. The superior explosion suppression effect of the explosion suppression balls can be due to the hollow porous structures. The porous structures not only can significantly increase the specific surface area and heat loss, but also can effectively segment and weaken the reaction surface.