永磁向心轴承承载能力与刚度的计算

目前，尽管磁浮轴承技术的研究与开发应用已经受到国内外学者的广泛重视，但在永磁向心轴承承载能力的研究方面，却还存在着两个尚待解决的问题：一是将环形磁体作为无限长条形磁体处理，二是只能对轴承承载能力进行估算。针对这种情况，根据等效磁荷理论，在圆环状态下对轴向控制的永磁向心轴承的承载能力和刚度进行了研究，建立了永磁向心轴承承载能力数学模型，并对其计算结果作了试验验证，同时还提出了利用刚度系数建立的可供工程设计应用的永磁轴承承载能力和刚度的计算公式。结果表明，承载能力的计算值与实测值相当吻合；在偏心距的实际应用范围内，永磁向心轴承的径向刚度是个常量；内外磁环的轴向位移对磁轴承的承载能力和刚度都有明显的影响．因此，为了最大限度地提高这种轴承的承载能力和刚度，就要在设计其结构的过程中注意尽力保证内外磁环轴向对齐。

Study on Bearing Capacity and Stiffness of Radial Magnetic Bearing

Thebearing capacity and the stiffness of radial magnetic bearings was studied by usingthe equivalent charges of magnetism,overcoming two drawbacks of previous research : a magneticring was taken as an unlimitedly long magnetic bar and the bearing force of magnetic bearings couldonly be estimated. The calculation of bearing capacity is formulated in this paper. The experimentsfor checking the formualus of calculating bearing capacity showed that the calculated results are wellconsistent with the measured results,the studies on the relations of bearing capacity and geometricalparameters of magnetic bearings by calculation have shown that the stiffness of radial magneticbearings is constant within the range of working conditions of magnetic bearings. Based on this,thestiffness parameter of magnetic bearings was put forward to obtain practical methods for designingmagnetic bearings. Finally,It is found that the relative displacements along axial directionsignificantly affect bearing capacity. So the attention should be paid to this aspect when thestructure of magnetic bearings is designed.