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粗糙表面的摩擦触觉感知研究
引用本文:唐玮,张梅梅,杨雷,朱华,彭玉兴.粗糙表面的摩擦触觉感知研究[J].摩擦学学报,2022,42(4):764-774.
作者姓名:唐玮  张梅梅  杨雷  朱华  彭玉兴
作者单位:中国矿业大学 机电工程学院, 江苏 徐州 221116
基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(51875566, 51775546)和江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目资助.
摘    要:本文中研究了手指触摸粗糙表面的摩擦振动特性、脑电生理反应和主观评价,为产品触感舒适性和抓握可靠性设计以及产品触感量化表征提供理论依据. 研究结果显示:随着表面轮廓算术平均偏差和轮廓单元平均宽度的降低,摩擦系数和功率谱重心逐渐增大,垂直偏差逐渐降低;垂直偏差、功率谱重心和摩擦系数特征参数能够反应粗糙表面的形貌特征变化,并且与人的主观感知评价一致,可以用来定量表征人对材料表面粗糙度、细致度和黏着度的感知. ERP曲线的P200成分峰值与接触表面的粗糙特征相关,粗糙度大的表面诱发的P200峰值高;P300成分与人的主观认知判断有关,粗糙感强、细致感差及黏着感低的表面诱发的P300峰值高且潜伏期短. 研究表明,材料表面的粗糙特性通过影响皮肤的接触摩擦行为,进而影响人脑的触觉感知和主观评价. 表面摩擦振动特性、人脑电生理反应和触感主观评价具有相关性,三者结合是系统研究粗糙表面摩擦触觉感知的有效手段. 

关 键 词:粗糙表面    触觉感知    黏着摩擦    形变摩擦    脑电
收稿时间:2021-07-23

Tactile Perception of Rough Surface using Friction and EEG Methods
Institution:School of Mechatronic Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China
Abstract:Tactile perception is one of the five human senses. It plays an important role for human beings in object recognition. Tactile perception begins with the mechanical stimulation induced by friction and was processed in the somatosensory cortices of brain. In this study, the influence of surface roughness on the tactile perception was investigated from finger friction to brain activation using friction and event-related potentials methods. Samples with different arithmetic mean deviation (Ra) and arithmetic mean width (Rsm) of the roughness profile elements were chosen. The friction and ERP studies were performed using a 32-channel EEG-System and a home-made tribometer, respectively. Subjective evaluations of the samples were scored. The spectrum of vibration signals was obtained by fast Fourier transform. The original vibration signals were decomposed into ten intrinsic mode functions using the empirical mode decomposition method, then the noise signals derived from the tester and the environment were removed from the original vibration signals. The characteristic features of friction coefficient, spectral centroid, and vertical deviation were extracted from the vibration and friction signals. The results indicated that as the decreasing of Ra and Rsm, the friction coefficient and spectral centroid increased, and the vertical deviation decreased. The large values of vertical deviation, spectral centroid, and coefficient of friction were corresponding to the strong roughness, well fineness, and large stickiness feelings of the perceived surfaces. The characteristic features of vertical deviation, spectral centroid, and friction coefficient can reflect the morphology characteristics of surface, which was consistent with the subjective perception evaluation of human. They can quantify the roughness, fineness, and stickiness feelings of the perceived surfaces. The P200 components of ERP waveform were related with perceived surface roughness. The larger surface roughness tended to evoke higher peak amplitude of P200. The P300 component was related to subjective cognitive judgment. The surface with strong roughness, poor fineness and low stickiness induced a high P300 peak and a short latency. The comprehensive analysis indicated that when finger touching the surfaces with the large values of Ra and Rsm, the indentation of the asperities into the skin became large, then deformation friction derived from the viscoelastic loss fraction of skin and mechanical interlocking of asperities increased. The large deformation friction produced strong deformation and vibration that stimulate the mechanoreceptors embedded in skin. The cutaneous mechanoreceptors input the strong tactile stimulation to the corresponding sensing area of cerebral cortex. The strong tactile stimulations produced by the rough surface promote the neurotransmission, which in-turn enhanced the neuronal response properties and temporal processing, which reflected the high P200 and P300 peak amplitude, and the short P300 latency. This study proved that the surface roughness of material can affect the brain activity and subjective evaluation of tactile perception by influencing the vibration and friction behavior of skin. The surface friction characteristics, the electrophysiological response of brain, and the subjective evaluation of tactile perception were correlated. The combination of them was an effective method to systematically study the tactile perception of rough surface. The study supported the tactile comfort and gripping reliability design on products, as well as the quantitative evaluation of tactile sensation. It should be noted that we just investigated the influence of Ra and Rsm on the roughness feeling in this study. However, the roughness feeling is also related with the surface texture features, like the shape, height, and density of the textures. More work about texture features can be done to establish their effects on tactile perception of roughness. 
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